1. Phonics and Word Study Literary Links 2009-2010

2. Phonics Instruction Teaches children the relationship between the letters (graphemes) of written language and individual sounds (phonemes) of spoken language.

3. Phonics Instruction Is important because it leads to an understanding of the alphabetic principle-the systematic and predicable relationships between letters and spoken sounds.

4. Effective Phonics Instruction Systematic  Prescribed sequence of letter-sound instruction  Letter sound correspondences are taught in isolation blended into words practiced in decodable text Explicit  Programs provide teachers with precise directions for the teaching of letter-sound relationships

5. Systematic and Explicit Phonics Instruction  Significantly improves kindergarten and first- grade children’s word recognition skills  Significantly improves children’s reading comprehension  Is effective for children from various social and economic levels

6. Systematic and Explicit Phonics Instruction  Is particularly beneficial for children who are having difficulty learning to read and who are at risk for developing future reading problems  Is most effective when introduced early  Is not an entire reading program for beginning readers

8. Alphabetic Understanding  Teach the letters of the alphabet  Teach letter-sound correspondences

9. Phonics Instruction  Teach more-frequently used letters and sounds before teaching those less frequently used  Begin with letter-sound correspondences that can be combined to make words students can decode and understand  Introduce only a few letter-sound correspondences at a time

10. Phonics Instruction  Model how to blend the individual sounds from left to right without stopping between the sounds  Follow “sounding out” with a fast pronunciation of the word

11. Making Analogies  Helps students remember words with sounds or spelling patterns they already know and apply this knowledge to read and spell unknown words  Should be explicitly modeled

12. Making Analogies  Teach common spelling patterns  Teach common syllable patterns  Help students use structural analysis

13. Test Your Knowledge Tell how many syllables and which syllable type for each of these words: bell snow cane vacation joy wreath cards nick tree reindeer

14. Structural Analysis  Compound words  Base (or root) words  Inflectional endings  Prefixes  Suffixes

15. High Frequency Words  Words that should be recognized immediately  Sometimes referred to as sight words  Includes both regular and irregular words