1. Model Web initiative Stefano Nativi 1 and Gary Geller 2 1 (National Research Council of Italy) 2 (NASA JPL) GEOSS Future Products Workshop 26-28 March 2013, Silver Spring, MD, USA

2. Vision Part of GEOSS IN-05 component: GEOSS Design and Interoperability

3. GEOSS Future Products Workshop, 26-28 March 2013stefano.nativi@cnr.it What if… Global Climate Model Regional Climate Model Infection Rate Model Human Population Density and Distribution Model Vector Niche Model Infection Rates Deforestation/ Disturbance Model Observational Data (environment & vector distribution) Data Socioeconomic Fossil Fuel Use Model Data How will CC affect infection rate of dengue fever in Vietnam? ? ? Gary’s Presentation

4. GEOSS Future Products Workshop, 26-28 March 2013stefano.nativi@cnr.it Elements … Data Model Link/Interface How will CC affect infection rate of dengue fever in Vietnam? ? ? Object Modelling System OpenMI ModCom ESMF SEAMLESS-IF Invisible Modelling Environment ICMS Tarsier SME OpenModeller nanoFORGE/nanoHub

5. GEOSS Future Products Workshop, 26-28 March 2013stefano.nativi@cnr.it

6. GEOSS Future Products Workshop, 26-28 March 2013stefano.nativi@cnr.it Models accessibility and interoperability Integrating models into more complex, tightly coupled model systems has been done for decades and has led to great progress in predictive capabilities The idea of bringing together independent models to form loosely coupled model systems has existed in various forms for some time technological challenges and other constraints have limited progress The concept of model access by Web services (called “Model as a Service”: MaaS) has been around for several years model interfaces have been designed and tested to expose the models as web services

7. GEOSS Future Products Workshop, 26-28 March 2013stefano.nativi@cnr.it Existing tools Tools to run simulations (e.g. OpenModeller) Benefit: facilitate designs that are targeted to specific communities Concern: can be difficult to integrate the tools into more complex scenarios An evolution of this approach is represented by nanoFORGE/nanoHub offers a variety of simulation tools that users can access from web browser without installing software

8. GEOSS Future Products Workshop, 26-28 March 2013stefano.nativi@cnr.it Existing frameworks Design and adopt frameworks (e.g. Object Modelling System, ModCom, the Invisible Modelling Environment, the Open Modelling Interface: OpenMI, the Spatial Modelling Environment: SME, Tarsier, Interactive Component Modelling System: ICMS, Earth System Modeling Framework: ESMF, SEAMLESS-IF, ….) Benefit: provide valuable functionality Concern: impose constraints on model developers and integrators, such as requiring a specific programming language or development/deployment platform The adoption of Component-Based Architectures (CBAs), and SOA solutions help to overcome some obstacles in the interoperability

9. GEOSS Future Products Workshop, 26-28 March 2013stefano.nativi@cnr.it Models accessibility and interoperability: An evolutionary process dedicated tools technological framework CBA, SOA Accessibility & Interoperability (MaaS) Time/technology Model Web Fei’s Presentation Roger’s Presentation

10. GEOSS Future Products Workshop, 26-28 March 2013stefano.nativi@cnr.it Controlled Vocabularies and Thesauri GCI already supports 8 different kinds of semantic assets –General Multilingual Environmental (GEMET) Thesaurus –INSPIRE Feature Concept Dictionary –GEOSS SBAs taxonomy –GEOSS Earth Observation parameters It is possible to broker other semantic assets GEOSS Ontology Working Group (Japan leadership) has been registring many different Ontologies and developing access tools –GCMD Vocabulary –GEOSS AIP-3 Water Ontology –EuroGEOSS Drought Vocabulary –ISO 19119 geographic service taxonomy

11. GEOSS Future Products Workshop, 26-28 March 2013stefano.nativi@cnr.it Knowledge bases URR can be seen as a knowledge base Application = BP (with User’s feedbacks) Lexicon = Vocabulary Gazetteers can be knowledge bases, as well (e.g. event gazetteers) Hans Peter’s Presentation

12. GEOSS Future Products Workshop, 26-28 March 2013stefano.nativi@cnr.it Brokers GEOSS Brokering Framework (GEO DAB) –Discovery intermediation functionalities Semantic discovery Multi-lingual discovery –Access intermediation functionalities Spatial-temporal transformations CRS tranformation Format transformation Data Subsetting Data aggregation –Resources: Data, Services, Documents, Models Mattia’s Presentation

13. GEOSS Future Products Workshop, 26-28 March 2013stefano.nativi@cnr.it What is the GEOSS Model Web? The Model Web is not a Dedicated Tool The Model Web is not a Model Framework The Model Web is not a Workflow Framework The Model Web is a Facilitating Framework The Model Web is a Service Middleware Framework The Model Web is an Intermediation Framework

14. GEOSS Future Products Workshop, 26-28 March 2013stefano.nativi@cnr.it The Model Web Basic Principles Basic principles that facilitate organic and opportunistic growth Open access –anybody can create a service to share their model and anybody (or any machine) can access it Minimal barriers to entry –minimize the entry barriers of both resource providers and users Interface-driven approach –Model access is provided by an Interface (service or resource based) Scalability –Distributed approach

15. The Model Web architecture

16. GEOSS Future Products Workshop, 26-28 March 2013stefano.nativi@cnr.it Challenges

17. GEOSS Future Products Workshop, 26-28 March 2013stefano.nativi@cnr.it Information Modelling Manage heterogeneity

18. The Environmental Model Resources

19. GEOSS Future Products Workshop, 26-28 March 2013stefano.nativi@cnr.it GCI Minimal Interoperability Agreements Adopt the Brokering approach to implement a System of Systems Provides the necessary intermediary services (Brokers) to address heterogeneity Brokering services Data & Observations Knowledge Bases Vocabularies Tools & Workflow engines Models & frameworks

20. GEOSS Future Products Workshop, 26-28 March 2013stefano.nativi@cnr.it High Performance Challenge Environmental model workflows may require a great amount of computing power and storage space Scalability is important To leverage existing solutions and systems proposed for High Throughput Computing (HTC) and High Performance Computing (HPC) Stand-alone systems – super-computers, clusters, General Purpose Graphical Processing Units Distributed Computing Infrastructures (DCIs) – Clouds and Grids

21. GEOSS Future Products Workshop, 26-28 March 2013stefano.nativi@cnr.it Long Term Access Challenge To new approaches are applicable to the Model Web –Standardization is a means for addressing interoperability by reducing the heterogeneity Metadata specifications ( see ModelMetadata) may include preservation information according to existing standards like the Open Archival Information System (OAIS). –Virtualization is an emulation approach virtual hardware/software platform runs on a different hardware/software platform through a virtual machine virtualization is an important trend in current IT, and is at the basis of Cloud Computing.

22. Abstracts deadline is April 15th

23. activity supported by stefano.nativi@cnr.it Thanks ! Questions?

24. GEOSS Future Products Workshop, 26-28 March 2013stefano.nativi@cnr.it Discussion Topics a)Why the Model Web? b)A user-driven approach to the Model Web c)Model Web as a social instrument for Scientists?

25. GEOSS Future Products Workshop, 26-28 March 2013stefano.nativi@cnr.it Discussion Topics a)Do we need (new) Metadata Models ? b)Local open APIs vs open web interfaces c)A future brokering infrastructure for model frameworks? d)How to engage industry to advance GEOSS Model Web?