2. DO NOW  Pick up sticky note from front desk.  Get 3 people of the opposite sex to sign your sticky note.  Wait for further instructions

3.  X – by your person if they have a highlight  Circle – person if they had a rubber band Now what does this all represent? How will we use it?

4. Myths about STIs  Most STIs go away on their own  If you have an STD you’ll know it when you see it  Having sex in a hot tub or pool will kill an STI  Birth Control pills prevent some STIs  The medicine prescribed for one kind of STI will cure another STI  You cannot get an STI from oral sex  You can only get an STI when you physically see it

5. Facts  Most Common STI  Genital Herpes  1 in every 6 Americans are carriers  16% of US population are infected  80% of this 16% don’t know they are carriers  Females > Males

6. Strands 1. Bacteria 2. Virus 3. Parasite

7. How are they transmitted?  An exchange of body fluids of an infected person (semen or female ejaculatory fluids)  Genital contact, skin/mucous membranes with an infected person  Direct contact w/ open sores  Mother to baby before birth, during, or breast feeding

8. Key  F = females  M = males  I = infants

9. Asymptomatic –showing no signs or symptoms of the disease or infection.

10. Most of these STIs can be cured if detected in early stages: 1. Chlamydia 2. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease 3. Gonorrhea 4. Syphilis Bacteria

11. 1. Chlamydia  Symptoms – often none; (F & M) painful urination, discharge or bleeding from reproductive organs  Treatment – both partners require antibiotics  If Untreated – (F) infertility, pelvic pain, ectopic pregnancy; (M) injure reproductive organs, swollen and tender testicles ; (I) illness, blindness

15. 2. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)  Inflammation of the upper reproductive tract  Females only!  Symptoms – pain in the pelvic region, vaginal discharge, long painful menstruation, spotting, fever, painful urination, nausea  Treatment – antibiotics, but this will not repair scar tissue  If untreated – damage to fallopian tubes or uterus, making conception difficult, ectopic pregnancy, or chronic pelvic pain

18. 3. Gonorrhea  Infects the mucous membranes  Known as “The Clap”  Symptoms – often none; (F) painful urination, vaginal discharge or bleeding, pain in the abdomen or pelvic region (M) painful urination or discharge from the penis  Treatment – antibiotics, although this is very difficult to treat  If Untreated – (F) PID (M) scarring of the urethra with makes urination difficult and painful, swelling of the testicles, infertility (I) blindness, joint infection, life- threatening blood infections

24. 4. Syphilis  Symptoms – Occur in phases – Phase I: painless ulcer or chancres. Phase II: fever, rash, swollen lymph nodes, joint pain, muscle aches. Phase III: heart and nervous system damage, blindness and loss of mental abilities, death  Treatment – antibiotics or shot  can only be cured if caught in early stages  If Untreated – (F & M) mental and physical disabilities, premature death (I) premature birth, severe mental disabilities, deafness, death

37. Viral The following STIs will live with you FOREVER! Although there are treatments to lessen the outbreaks, these viruses will always be in your body. 1. Human Papilloma Virus 2. Herpes 3. Hepatitis 4. HIV/AIDs

38. 1. Human Papilloma Virus – HPV  Symptoms – often none (F & M) genital and anal warts (white raised bumps resembling cauliflower), (F) abnormal Pap Smear (a screening for cervical cancer)  Treatment – NO CURE – warts can be treated by surgical removal (freezing or electrolysis) but will often return  HPV Vaccine - developed to prevent cervical cancer and genital warts  Given in 3 rounds  If Untreated – (F) higher risk for developing cervical cancer  11,000 a year and approximately 3,600 will die from this disease (M) higher risk of developing genital cancers

44. 2. Herpes  Multiple simplexes (strands)  Symptoms – (HSV1) cold sores, fever blisters around the mouth (HSV2) very mild symptoms or none, red bumps, blisters, recurrent sores on or around the genitals, fever with first infection, swollen lymph nodes  Treatment – NO CURE – antiviral meds can shorten outbreaks and frequency  If Untreated – (F & M) remain infected for life (I) infections of the liver, brain, skin, eyes, mouth, and death

50. 3. Hepatitis  Multiple simplexes (strands)  B & C are transmitted sexually  A & D are transmitted through the exchange of blood  Symptoms – (F & M) yellowing of the skin, eyes, tiredness, muscle aches, fever, loss of appetite, darkening of the urine  Treatment – NO CURE for B & C, option is a liver transplant  If Untreated – (F & M) liver damage, liver failure, liver cancer, premature death

51. Hepatitis A  Hepatitis A is highly contagious and can spread from person to person in many different settings. It typically causes only a mild illness, and many people who are infected may never realize they are sick at all. The virus almost always goes away on its own and does not cause long-term liver damage.

52. Hepatitis A: How is it spread?  Hepatitis A usually spreads through contaminated food or water. Food can be tainted when it's touched by an infected person who did not wash his hands after using the bathroom. This transfers tiny amounts of infected stool to the food. Raw shellfish, fruits, vegetables, and undercooked foods are common culprits in hepatitis A outbreaks. The virus can also spread in daycare centers if employees aren't careful about washing hands after changing diapers.

53. Treatment: Hepatitis A  Hepatitis A almost always goes away on its own, and no medication is needed. If nausea is a problem, try eating several small meals throughout the day instead of three large ones. Drink water, juice, or sports drinks to stay hydrated. And avoid strenuous exercise until you're feeling better.

54. Hepatitis B  Many adults who get hepatitis B have mild symptoms for a short time and then get better on their own. But some people are not able to clear the hepatitis B virus from the body, which causes a long-term infection. Nearly 90% of infants who get the virus will carry it with them for life. Over time, chronic hepatitis B can lead to serious problems such as liver damage, liver failure, and liver cancer.

55. Hepatitis B: How is it spread?  You can get hepatitis B through contact with the blood or body fluids of an infected person. In the U.S., hepatitis B is most often spread through unprotected sex. It's also possible to get hepatitis B by sharing an infected person's needles, razors, or toothbrush. And an infected mother can pass the virus to her baby during childbirth. Hepatitis B is not spread by hugging, sharing food, or coughing.

56. Treatment: Hepatitis B  The goal of treating chronic hepatitis B is to control the virus and keep it from damaging the liver. This begins with regular monitoring for signs of liver disease. Antiviral medications may help, but not everyone can take them or needs to be on medication. Be sure to discuss the risks and benefits of antiviral therapy with your doctor.

57. Hepatitis C  About 25% of people who get hepatitis C defeat the virus after an acute infection. The rest will carry the virus in their body for the long term. Chronic hepatitis C can cause very serious complications, including liver failure and liver cancer. Fortunately, there are ways to manage the virus and reduce its impact on the liver.

58. Hepatitis C: How does it spread?  Hepatitis C spreads through infected blood. In the U.S., sharing needles or "works" to inject drugs is the most common cause of infection. Getting a tattoo or body piercing with an infected needle is another means of exposure. A mother may pass the virus to her child at birth. In rare cases, unprotected sex spreads hepatitis C, but the risk appears small. Having multiple sex partners, HIV, or rough sex seems to increase risk for spreading hepatitis C.

59. Treatment: Hepatitis C  The most common treatment for chronic hepatitis C is a combination of antiviral medications called interferon and ribavirin. Interferon is given as a shot and ribavirin is a pill. Studies suggest this combination can cure or control hepatitis C in about half of patients. But it can cause serious side effects. In addition, not everyone needs treatment. Your doctor will explain your options based on how active the virus is.

62. 4. HIV  Primarily infects cells of the immune system and causes AIDS  Develops in stages  Symptoms – (F & M) Phase I – initial exposure to 10yrs or more; fatigue, weight loss, fever, diarrhea. Phase II – Phase I symptoms and swollen lymph nodes, forgetfulness, difficulty thinking. Phase III – weakened immune system, weight loss  Treatment – NO CURE – a combination of drugs can delay the start of serious symptoms  If Untreated – malnutrition, loss of mobility, pneumonia, tuberculosis, cancer, premature death

63. Parasites Small mites that can easily be spread: 1. Pubic Lice 2. Scabies 3. Trichomoniasis

64. 1. Pubic Lice  Also known as “Crabs”  Strand of lice found in pubic hair  Symptoms – intense itching in the pubic area, appearance of rust color dots in the skin  Treatment – medication to kill lice. Infected individuals must wash clothes and linens in hot water to kill eggs  If Untreated – skin damage and blue spotting by the hair follicle from bites

67. 2. Scabies  Tiny mites that burrow into the skin  Spread through skin to skin contact  Symptoms – intense itching in the infected area, wavy lines will develop in skin from borrowing  Treatment – medication to kill mites. Infected individuals must wash clothes and linens to kill eggs  If Untreated – skin damage

71. 3. Trichomoniasis  Also known as “Trick”  Protozoan; single celled  Symptoms – (F) itching in genital area, discharge from the vagina, painful urination (M) usually NONE  Treatment – cured with a prescribed medicine  If Untreated – (F) bladder and urethral infection (M) inflamed urethra (I) premature

72. You may be at high risk if…  You have had more than 1 sex partner in your life  You know or suspect your partner has had sex with other partners  You have had oral, vaginal, or anal sex without using barrier methods of protection  You have shared IV drug needles or have had sex with someone that has  You have had a STI in the past

73. Being Responsible Seek help right away Finish FULL COURSE of medicine Follow up testing Avoid ALL sexual activity while being treated Notify ALL sexual partners