1. Agricultural Practices of Malaysia

2. Fisheries & aquaculture Aquaculture: farming of aquatic organisms including fish, mollusks, crustaceans and aquatic plants. Important commodity: Prawn Steady growth since 2000. Value in 2009: – 472, 000 t - Fresh water fish : RM 2.32 billion. – 1.39 m t - Captured fish: RM 6.29 billion. Others: seaweed (algaculture), pearl Seaweeds : Semporna, Kunak, Kudat and Lahad Datu.

3. Livestock farming in Malaysia (photos courtesy of Unit IT Faculty of Agriculture UPM)

4. Aquaculture industry in Malaysia (photo courtesy of Unit IT Faculty of Agriculture UPM (top) & Prof Rita’s file (right)

5. Factors to growth Livestock production: shifting from traditional to commercial farming practices Increase integrated beef cattle farming in rubber and oil palm plantations. Poultry production: integrated poultry farming system Introduced by fast-food chains such as Kentucky Fried Chicken. Poultry is the most popular meat consumed due to pricing and religious acceptability. Fruits and vegetables: government efforts in consolidating small orchards into larger organized farms and instituting group farming projects.

6. New Source of Growth Herbs & spices; Pharmaceuticals, Natural Products Rapid growth at 10-15% per annum. Targeted as growth sector after Information and Communication Technology. Market value in 2010: RM 7 billion Expected value in 2020: RM 29 billion Reason high value: Awareness on health care with natural products. Currently, planted by small holders. Gov. target: large scale herbal plantation, spc. East Coast Economic Regional (ECER) Herbal Plantation Project. (406 ha-Dungun & 327 ha- Lipis).

7. Tongkat Ali Antimalarial; aphrodisiac; anti-diabetic; antimicrobial Hempedu Bumi Treatment for gastro-intestinal tract Fever, herpes, sore throat

8. Kacip Fatimah: Facilitate childbirth; post-partum medication; rheumatism Misai Kucing: Analgesic; diuretic; bronchitis; small pox; diarrhoea Pegaga: Heal wounds; improve mental clarity; treat skin; high blood pressure; rheumatism; fever

9. Dukung anak: Treat kidney stone; malaria; asthma; increase appetite; treat diabeties; hypertension; itchiness Mas Cotek: Help womb contraction; aphrodisiac for women and men; reduce cholestorol and blood sugar level

10. Agricultural Marketing Depends on the types of crops and commodities. Palm Oil: 3 main types oil palm producers: – Independent small holders: low productivity and sell through middleman – Producers in land development scheme: production and marketing follow the parent institution (FELDA). – Private estates: very organized. Processed own produces.

11. Food Sector: Small farms and minimal involvement by government or corporate sectors. Marketing usually through middlemen / wholesaler. Except Rice: have gov. intervention ( A few rice granary area run by FELCRA in Seberang Perak) (4,000 ha).

12. Input ImportLocal Producer Input supplier Assembler/Transporter /Commission Agent WholesalersImport Large scale Retailers Small scale retailers Consumers CONVENTIONAL AGRI-FOOD MARKETING

13. Agri-Food New Supply Chain Transformation due to external and domestic drivers. External: rapid development of large retail chains. In 2005: 81 hypermarkets in Malaysia, 83% are foreign-owned. Domestic: changes in consumer income, consumption and lifestyles.

14. Producers Packing house Contract farming WholesalersImport Large scale retailers Consumers NEW FOOD SUPPLY CHAIN

15. Federal Agricultural Marketing Authority (FAMA) Responsibility: supervision, coordination, regulation and improvement of the marketing of agricultural products for domestic, export and import markets. Marketing Strategies: Farmer’s Market Business on wheels http://www.fama.gov.my/web/guest/home

16. Summary Production and area for industrial crops such as rubber; cocoa, coconut and pineapple are reducing. Except for the fruits area are increasing. Growth of the fruit industry are bright due to the expected increase in domestic consumption of both fresh and processed fruits and expanding world demand for tropical fresh and processed fruits.

17. Demand for rice in both international and domestic markets is expected to increase (1.8 mill to 2.3 mill in 2010). To concentrate on production of high quality fresh vegetables for both domestic and export markets and also on a few selected vegetables for processing.

18. Thank you