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© Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Bonding and periodicity II Objectives for Bonding and Periodicity (2) to understand the concept of bonding and lone.

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Presentation on theme: "© Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Bonding and periodicity II Objectives for Bonding and Periodicity (2) to understand the concept of bonding and lone."— Presentation transcript:

1 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Bonding and periodicity II Objectives for Bonding and Periodicity (2) to understand the concept of bonding and lone (non-bonding) pairs of electrons as charge clouds to use the electron pair repulsion theory to predict the shapes and bond angles in simple molecules and ions

2 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Bonding and periodicity II Bonding and Periodicity Lesson 5 – Shapes of Molecules (1)

3 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Bonding and periodicity II Objectives for Lesson 5 Already from AS Level you know that a covalent bond is a shared pair of electrons

4 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Bonding and periodicity II Lesson Outcomes And after this Lesson you should understand the concept of bonding pairs of electrons as charge clouds be able to predict the shapes of simple molecules, and their bond angles

5 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Bonding and periodicity II Success Criteria Give the five main shapes of simple molecules. Identify the bond angles for these simple molecules Give an example of a compound for each of the basic shapes

6 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Bonding and periodicity II SHAPES OF MOLECULES

7 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Bonding and periodicity II Shapes of Molecules Pairs of electrons act like clouds of negative charge They repel each other so that they are as far apart as possible. This keeps the repulsion to a minimum and gives characteristic shapes We can work out the shapes of compounds by counting the number of pairs around the central atom

8 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Images You can use balloons to model the five main molecular shapes.

9 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Bonding and periodicity II LINEAR

10 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Images The beryllium chloride molecule is linear.

11 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Images The beryllium chloride molecule is linear.

12 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Images The bond angle is 180˚ in beryllium chloride and other linear molecules.

13 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Images The bond angle is 180˚ in beryllium chloride and other linear molecules.

14 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Images The carbon dioxide molecule is linear.

15 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Images The carbon dioxide molecule is linear.

16 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Bonding and periodicity II TRIAGONAL PLANAR

17 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Images The boron trichloride molecule is trigonal planar.

18 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Images The boron trichloride molecule is trigonal planar.

19 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Bonding and periodicity II TETRAHEDRAL

20 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Images The methane molecule is tetrahedral.

21 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Images The methane molecule is tetrahedral.

22 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Bonding and periodicity II TRIAGONAL BIPYRAMIDAL

23 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Images The phosphorus pentafluoride molecule is trigonal bipyramidal. The sulfur hexafluoride molecule is octahedral.

24 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Images The phosphorus pentaflouride molecule is trigonal bipyramidal. The sulfur hexafluoride molecule is octahedral.

25 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Bonding and periodicity II OCTAHEDRAL

26 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Images The sulfur hexafluoride molecule is octahedral.

27 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Images The sulfur hexafluoride molecule is octahedral.

28 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Bonding and periodicity II Summary Here is a summary table: Shapes_of_molecules_table.doc

29 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Bonding and periodicity II Lesson Outcomes And after this Lesson you should understand the concept of bonding pairs of electrons as charge clouds be able to predict the shapes of simple molecules, and their bond angles

30 © Oxford University Press 2008 Week 8: Bonding and periodicity II Success Criteria Give the five main shapes of simple molecules. Identify the bond angles for these simple molecules Give an example of a compound for each of the basic shapes

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