1. CS Q uality M etrology S tandardization C ertification T esting A ccreditation CS 2008.08.05 1 APMP Metrology in Chemistry Workshops: The Organizers’ Perspectives NCSLI Workshop & Symposium Mentoring in International Learning and Development 07 August 2008 Orlando, Florida Dr.-Ing. Clemens Sanetra PTB Technical Cooperation

2. CS Q uality M etrology S tandardization C ertification T esting A ccreditation CS 2008.08.05 2 Who are the organizers? Regional Metrology Organization: Asia Pacific Metrology Programme - APMP with it’s committees: Developing Economies Committee (DEC) Technical Committee on Amount of Substance (TCQM) With support of -other APMP NMI’s -key experts -a PTB Technical Cooperation Project with APMP

3. CS Q uality M etrology S tandardization C ertification T esting A ccreditation CS 2008.08.05 3 Why a series of workshops? No isolated activities! To accompany processes through: -Development of a Metrology in Chemistry (MIC) concept for developing economies NMI’s (DEN). -Participation of developing and developed NMI’s plus invited key experts (mentoring system). -Implementation of the concept on a learning and improving basis. Workshops were held twice a year and hosted by a DEN and/or were organized together with other APMP meetings. Additionally, DEN’s benefited from the presence of international experts for national awareness seminars and advocacy in MIC at the political level.

4. CS Q uality M etrology S tandardization C ertification T esting A ccreditation CS 2008.08.05 4 NMI needs reliable measurement results !!! Industry Accredited calibration laboratories Internal calibration and testing laboratories National Accreditation Body Challenge for International Recognition Metrology in Chemistry Accredited testing laboratories ? ? ? ? ISO/IEC 17025 ISO Guide 34 ISO Guide 43 ILACBIPM

5. CS Q uality M etrology S tandardization C ertification T esting A ccreditation CS 2008.08.05 5 The Situation Many economies do not have a national infrastructure to support good and reliable chemical measurements. Many of these economies seek to do so, but many have completely different economic and social priorities. No-one has developed the best mechanisms to create such a system, or how to choose between various mechanisms in a way that is based on the needs and resources of the particular economy. The first step would be to develop a roadmap, which each economy could use for self-evaluation of the existing situation and defining the next steps according to needs, priorities, capabilities, resources and political requirements.

6. CS Q uality M etrology S tandardization C ertification T esting A ccreditation CS 2008.08.05 6 The MIC - Guide 1. workshop in Kuala Lumpur/Malaysia in March 2006: Brainstorming and flowchart for a MIC roadmap. 2. workshop in Manila/Philippines in October 2006: Drafting of a MIC guideline. 3. workshop in Delhi/India in December 2006: MIC guide first presented and approved during APMP-GA. Result: The “Guide to Creating or Improving a National Infrastructure for Chemical Measurement” is freely downloadable under APMP website: www.apmpweb.org (under “Tools for developing economies”)

7. CS Q uality M etrology S tandardization C ertification T esting A ccreditation CS 2008.08.05 7 Structure of the MIC guide Defines the process by: Identifying national needs Identifying national capability Prioritising unaddressed needs Selecting an appropriate model Establishing sustainable government support Building capability Disseminating services The MIC guide is NOT a cooking receipt but a “list of issues to be considered” as the basis of existing experiences!

8. CS Q uality M etrology S tandardization C ertification T esting A ccreditation CS 2008.08.05 8 The Implementation First approach: Group work with economies with expected similar level of development in MIC (China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam) 4. workshop in Xian/China in May 2007: Presentation of homework and group work on the first steps of the MIC guide (needs, capabilities, gap analysis and priorities) Result: The expected result of specific work plans to be implemented did not materialize. Economies are too different and with preconceived concepts.

9. CS Q uality M etrology S tandardization C ertification T esting A ccreditation CS 2008.08.05 9 The Implementation Second approach: Open for interested NMI’s that wanted to prepare and present homework about the MIC situation in their economy. 5. workshop in Sydney/Australia in November 2007: Presentations from Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Philippines Result: The presenting NMI’s identified needs for “reliable testing” in their respective economies and almost no existing MIC capabilities. No “top-down” approach possible. Focus on basic needs from value chain analysis with “bottom-up” approach.

10. CS Q uality M etrology S tandardization C ertification T esting A ccreditation CS 2008.08.05 10 Specific Case Study Analysis of a value chain - example: Shrimp

11. CS Q uality M etrology S tandardization C ertification T esting A ccreditation CS 2008.08.05 11 National Quality Infrastructure support: Shrimp Farm Processing Deep Freezing Shipping Metrology Standardization Testing Quality Management - Certification - Accreditation

12. CS Q uality M etrology S tandardization C ertification T esting A ccreditation CS 2008.08.05 12 1.Raw shrimp -Sizing -Sulfite / antibiotic residue -Any defects, contaminants 2.Washing 3.Draining / weighing 4.Washing 5.Keeping in cold water 6.Deheading / Peeling / Deveined / Washing -Check temperature (shrimps, washing water) 7.Soaking with dry ingredients -Check temperature (shrimps) 8.Sizing -Check size 9.Arranging -Check temperature (shrimps) 10.Cooking - Check boiling temperature, time, physical properties 11.Cooling / Separating defects / Trimming - Check temperature of cooling tank, shrimps 12.Freezing (N 2 – Freezer) 13. Weighing / Glazing - Check weight, temperature - Check product size after freezing M S T Q M M MT TS Processing ChainQI support Example: Processing Necessary services from National Quality Infrastructure

13. CS Q uality M etrology S tandardization C ertification T esting A ccreditation CS 2008.08.05 13 M T Q S 10. Cooking Check boiling temperature, time, physical properties, defects, contamination Metrology calibration of thermometers, reference materials Testing physical testing,chemical and microbiological analysis, contamination Quality Assurance good practices HACCP Standardization Codex, ISO Processing ChainQI support Processing: Quality requirements for “Cooking”

14. CS Q uality M etrology S tandardization C ertification T esting A ccreditation CS 2008.08.05 14 National Metrology in Chemistry System ExportersWTO, WHO, FAO International commitments Regulatory Bodies Testing Labs ISO/IEC 17025 Reference materials Proficiency tests Higher order methods Proficiency tests Higher order reference materials CIPM - MRA APMP KCDB CMC‘s - NMI

15. CS Q uality M etrology S tandardization C ertification T esting A ccreditation CS 2008.08.05 15 National Metrology in Chemistry System ExportersWTO, WHO, FAO International commitments Regulatory Bodies Testing Labs ISO/IEC 17025 Reference materials Proficiency tests CIPM - MRA APMP KCDB CMC‘s - NMI Commercial RM provider Chemical calibration lab. Commercial PT provider ISO/IEC 34 ISO/IEC 43 ISO/IEC 15195 Other NMI CIPM - MRA RMO

16. CS Q uality M etrology S tandardization C ertification T esting A ccreditation CS 2008.08.05 16 National Metrology in Chemistry System ExportersWTO, WHO, FAO International commitments Regulatory Bodies Testing Labs ISO/IEC 17025 Reference materials Proficiency tests Secondary methods Proficiency tests Reference materials APMP KCDB CMC‘s - NMI other NMI CIPM - MRA RMO

17. CS Q uality M etrology S tandardization C ertification T esting A ccreditation CS 2008.08.05 17 National Metrology in Chemistry System ExportersWTO, WHO, FAO International commitments Regulatory Bodies Testing Labs ISO/IEC 17025 Reference materials Proficiency tests Secondary methods Proficiency tests Reference materials APMP KCDB CMC‘s - NMI other NMI CIPM - MRA RMO ?? ISO/IEC 34 ISO/IEC 43 ISO/IEC 17025

18. CS Q uality M etrology S tandardization C ertification T esting A ccreditation CS 2008.08.05 18 1.Tea leaves -Pesticides -other contaminants  Inspection tests??  GAP certification?? 2.Processing Plant  Acceptance check?? - drying process - packaging - labeling  Product certification?? 3.Transport 4.Border crossing  Border inspection?? 5.Transport 6.Retailer  Acceptance check?? 7. Customer Processing Chain Example: Pesticides in Tea Necessary services from Metrology in Chemistry...and how it should work! - Which pesticides are used? - Which pesticides are banned? - Which level of residues are accepted (national, EU, etc) - Who has infos? - Who coordinates nationally? - Which standards are used? - Which technical regulations are enforced? - Which testing is necessary for certification? - Which testing is performed in border inspections? - Which testing is performed in acceptance test? QI support -Identify pesticide field and industry laboratories -Identify “leading reference lab” involved in tea. -Get contaminated tea leafs and prepare samples. -Organize PT Program with all labs. -Assign “Reference Value” to samples through NMI. -If NMI or “Designates” have no own capabilities a link to other NMI’s is necessary. -Recognition of Reference Value assignation through key comparison in Regional Metrology Organization (APMP) or in CCQM (BIPM) and listing in KCDB. MiC support

19. CS Q uality M etrology S tandardization C ertification T esting A ccreditation CS 2008.08.05 19 The Implementation Third approach: Invited NMIs to present a specific chemical measurement problem in their economy and a solution to be presented to the experts. Discussion and individual work plan. 6. workshop in Dhaka/Bangladesh in May 2008: Presentations from Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka Result: The presenting NMIs identified specific problems, mostly related to export problems. An action plan was developed together with the peers and experts for own activities and APMP or technical cooperation support.

20. CS Q uality M etrology S tandardization C ertification T esting A ccreditation CS 2008.08.05 20

21. CS Q uality M etrology S tandardization C ertification T esting A ccreditation CS 2008.08.05 21

22. CS Q uality M etrology S tandardization C ertification T esting A ccreditation CS 2008.08.05 22 International Comparisons for the global MRA and national Proficiency Test Schemes BIPM Other RMO key comparisons EURAMET key comparisons APMP key comparisons SIM key comparisons CIPM key comparisons link laboratories NMI’s National PT schemes NMI

23. CS Q uality M etrology S tandardization C ertification T esting A ccreditation CS 2008.08.05 23 Outlook Follow-up workshops on specific examples and practical solutions (from tealeaf to teabag). Next reporting during a workshop at the APMP meetings and GA in Jakarta/Indonesia in November 2008. Development of a comprehensive “Companion” to the MIC Guide (examples, lessons learnt, success and failure stories, etc). More exchange with other RMO’s.

24. CS Q uality M etrology S tandardization C ertification T esting A ccreditation CS 2008.08.05 24 MIC situation in SIM No specific Developing Economies Committee Technical working groups take care of developing economies PTB Technical Cooperation Project with SIM Intercomparison programs between NMI’s and “to be designated” laboratories. (Challenges: sustainability and dissemination). Series of SIM workshops based on similar approach to APMP (Quito/Ecuador in May 2007, St. Lucia/Caribbean in May 2008) for awareness and new approach: SIM CMWG (Chemical Metrology Working Group) agreed on new structure. -NMIs with CMC capabilities -NMIs with a working relation to a laboratory infrastructure -NMIs without working relation to a laboratory infrastructure

25. CS Q uality M etrology S tandardization C ertification T esting A ccreditation CS 2008.08.05 25 Supra-regional exchange APMP - SIM: APEC meeting Cuzco/Peru, August 2008 Presentations and experience exchange on MIC with NMI’s from APMP and SIM.

26. CS Q uality M etrology S tandardization C ertification T esting A ccreditation CS 2008.08.05 26 Overview of lessons learned Process orientated measures better than isolated activities. Series of workshops with follow-up assure continuity. Bottom-up approach better than Top-down approach. Pragmatic approach more relevant than theoretical seminars. Specific examples or problems are a better driving force. NMIs in developing economies have to focus more on the needs of the end user community.

27. CS Q uality M etrology S tandardization C ertification T esting A ccreditation CS 2008.08.05 27 Acknowledgements -Dr. Laurie Besley, NMIA/Australia -Dr. Yu Yadong, NIM/China -Dr. Robert Kaarls, CCQM and BIPM/France -Dr. Willie May, NIST/USA -Dr. Ulrich Diekmann, Technical Cooperation, PTB/Germany -and many others, especially from APMP.....