1. World Geography Chapter 1 How Geographers Look at the World

2. Five Themes of Geography Geography  Greek word geographia A “description of the earth” Geography: the study of the earth

3. Location  Ask yourself: Where is it?  Absolute Location Its precise position on the globe They use imaginary lines to determine absolute location  Latitude and Longitude Written as coordinates (25N, 15W)  Creates hemisphere two halves

4. Location (continued…) Latitude (flat, horizontal imaginary line)  Circling the earth, parallel to the equator, measuring North and South Equator 0º latitude Longitude (long, vertical imaginary line)  Lines from pole to pole measuring east or west from Prime Meridian Prime Meridian is over Greenwich, England

5. Location (continued…) Absolute location  Can also give the exact location by using an address John Smith’s house  234 Gulf Bank Rd. Houston, Tx 77039

6. Location (continued…) Relative Location  Ask yourself: Where is this in relationship to a person, place or thing? Ex.  Ash Grove is NW of Springfield  Campbell 16 is across from McDonald’s off of Campbell Ave.  Ms. Oldberg’s desk is to the left of the yellow cabinet.

7. Place Describes the characteristics of a location.  Physical characteristics: a description of the land. Ex: mountains, rivers, beaches, as well as animal and plant life of a place.  Human characteristics: the human-designed features of a place Ex: buildings, businesses, religion, food, transportation, and communication networks

8. Human/Environment Interaction Ask yourself: What is the relationship between people and their environment?  Why do people visit Hawaii instead of Alaska? Ask yourself: How do humans adapt?  What changes were made in order to survive cold climates in the winter? Ask yourself: How have they damaged the environment?  Pollution?

9. Movement Ask yourself: How are people and places connected?  Transportation: the movement of goods and services Vehicles, shipping, etc.  Communication: the movement of information and ideas Email, internet, phone, letter, etc

10. Region  Description of areas based on different characteristics such as culture, climate, landforms, location, etc. Midwest called the Bread Basket Gulf Coast Four Regions of Texas:  Mountains and Basins  Great Plains  North Central Plains  Coastal Plains

11. Geography and Other Subjects Science and technology  Scientific method  GPS  Google Earth History and political science  Historical designs  Past leaders  Political boundaries

12. Geography and Other Subjects (continued…) Sociology and Anthropology  Study of society and culture Economics  How the location of resources affects the way people make, transport, and use goods

13. Map Essentials Key/Legend  Explains the symbols on a map Scale  Used to determine the size of map, how far apart one place is from another Houston is 2,000 miles from Chicago Compass Rose  Used to determine direction Cardinal Directions: North, South, East, West Latitude and Longitude

14. Map Types Physical Map  Shows physical features of the Earth’s surface landforms Political Map  Shows boundaries/borders Countries, states, cities, counties, etc. Special Purpose Map  Every other kind of map Weather map, road map, school map,