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3. Splash Screen

4. Chapter Introduction Section 1Living in Southeast Asia Section 2People and Their Environment Chapter Summary & Study Guide Chapter Assessment Click on a hyperlink to view the corresponding slides. Contents

5. Intro 1

6. Intro 2 Describe traditional and modern economic activities in Southeast Asia.  Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Chapter Objectives Explain the kinds of human– environmental interactions that occur in Southeast Asia, and the challenges that the region faces.

7. Intro 3 As you read this chapter, use your journal to log information about the economies and the environmental challenges in Southeast Asia. Note interesting details that show similarities and differences among the region’s countries.

8. End of Intro

9. Section 1-1 Living in Southeast Asia Explain why rice farming is the most important agricultural activity in Southeast Asia  Objectives Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Examine why the countries in the region are industrializing at different rates  Discuss how the economies of Southeast Asia are becoming more interdependent

10. Section 1-2 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Terms to Know Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)  free port paddy  sickle  subsistence crop  cash crop  lode  interdependent  Living in Southeast Asia (cont.)

11. Section 1-3 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Brunei  Places to Locate Manila Living in Southeast Asia (cont.)

12. Section 1-4 Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again.

13. Section 1-5 Before 1940, Myanmar–then British-ruled Burma–benefited from rice exports. Freedom came in 1948, followed by the military’s seizure of power in the 1960s. The military’s policy of a government-run economy proved disastrous by the 1990s, and market activities were allowed to resume. Harsh treatment of pro- democracy groups, however, has kept foreign investment low, and Myanmar today remains economically poor.

14. Section 1-6 Agriculture Rice Cultivation Rice is the region’s chief crop and a major food source and export.  (pages 759–761) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Farmers grow rice on more than half of the region’s arable land.  Growing rice on terraced farms takes advantage of as much of the limited land as possible.

15. Section 1-7 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Agriculture (cont.) Flooded rivers and abundant rain provide a climate in which rice thrives.  Many farmers plant and harvest rice by hand. (pages 759–761)

16. Section 1-8 Agriculture (cont.) (pages 759–761) Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again.

17. Section 1-9 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Agriculture (cont.) (pages 759–761) -Yams, corn, bananas, and other food crops are popular in areas too dry for rice farming.  -Some Indonesians raise cassava, an edible root easier to grow than rice.  -Thailand, Indonesia, and Malaysia lead the world in natural rubber production.  -The Philippines is a major producer of coconuts and sugarcane.  -These cash crops are grown on large plantations. Other Crops 

18. Section 1-10 Why do rice farmers not use modern methods? Possible answers: Rice would be difficult to plant and harvest using mechanical equipment on terraced terrain. Traditional methods are inexpensive and have worked well for centuries. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. (pages 759–761) Agriculture (cont.)

19. Section 1-11 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Forest and Mines The forestry industry is vital to the economies of several Southeast Asian countries.  (page 761) Malaysia, the Philippines, Indonesia, and Thailand export hard woods from their forests.  Problems resulting from excessive logging and the deforestation present a challenge in the region.

20. Section 1-12 Forest and Mines (cont.) (page 761) Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again.

21. Section 1-13 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Mineral Wealth  Forest and Mines (cont.) (page 761) -Southeast Asia’s rich deposits of tin, iron, manganese, and tungsten are a major source of export income.  -Indonesia and Brunei produce oil, natural gas, and petroleum products.  -Indonesia is one of the top 10 producers in OPEC.

22. Section 1-14 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Papua’s Resources Indonesia’s Papua region is a source of timber, gold, natural gas, oil, and minerals.  The Indonesian government allows many international countries to exploit these resources.  Pro-independence groups claim, however, that the government has invested little in improving health, education, and public services. (pages 761) Forest and Mines (cont.)

23. Section 1-15 Why do groups in Papua want independence from Indonesia? They want the profits from their own raw materials to benefit the people of Papua. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. (pages 761) Forest and Mines (cont.)

24. Section 1-16 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Industry Industrial growth rates vary widely in Southeast Asia.  (pages 761–763) Although Laos and Cambodia are mainly agricultural, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, and the Philippines are major industrializing countries.  Manufacturing industries include textiles, clothing, and automobiles.  Southeast Asia enjoyed an economic boom during the 1980s and early 1990s.

25. Section 1-17 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Industry (cont.) In the late 1990s, debt, political corruption, and financial mismanagement led to an economic crisis.  (pages 761–763) Since the crisis, some countries have had to balance industrial growth with investment in such traditional economic activities as agriculture and fish farming.

26. Section 1-18 Industry (cont.) Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again. (pages 761–763)

27. Section 1-19 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Industry (cont.) (pages 761–763) -Singapore has the region’s most developed economy.  -Its location and harbors make it a major port and manufacturing center.  -Singapore’s government has followed policies favoring economic growth.  -Singapore has invested in education so that industries will profit from having skilled and educated workers. Singapore and Malaysia 

28. Section 1-20 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Industry (cont.) (pages 761–763) -Malaysia, long known for its production of natural rubber and palm oil, has begun to diversify its exports with products such as electronics and electrical products, chemicals, cement, and processed foods.  -Malaysia has also developed heavy industry that produces steel and automobiles.  -The country is the world’s largest exporter of microchips.

29. Section 1-21 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Industry (cont.) (pages 761–763) Less Industrialized Countries  -Indonesia is an exporter of raw materials and an importer of manufactured goods.  -Recent political instability and population increases have slowed Indonesia’s economic growth.  -Its labor force currently lacks the technical skills and knowledge required for industrialization.

30. Section 1-22 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Industry (cont.) (pages 761–763) -Therefore, Indonesia depends on foreign aid and investment to develop its industry.  -The economies of Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, and Myanmar have grown slowly because of wars and geographic and political isolation.  -The lack of a trained work force, up-to-date equipment, and adequate transportation also have hindered economic development in these lands.

31. Section 1-23 Why can a country’s isolation from the world economy lead to poverty? Possible answer: Countries strengthen their economies by trading with one another. Countries that produce only what their own people need will not earn any outside income. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. (pages 761–763) Industry (cont.)

32. Section 1-24 Interdependence Southeast Asian countries are beginning to work together more closely for their common good. The Asian Development Bank (ADB) provides loans to member countries to develop their economies. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is an economic and political alliance that promotes economic growth and cultural exchanges. (pages 763–764)

33. Section 1-25 Interdependence (cont.) (pages 763–764) Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again.

34. Section 1-26 Compare and contrast the economic and political ties of ASEAN with the ties that bind the 50 states of the United States. Interdependence (cont.) (pages 763–764) Possible answers: Under our federal government, the 50 states freely exchange goods and services with one another. ASEAN does not go so far as full political or economic unity, but it does promote economic growth and cultural cooperation among independent Southeast Asian countries. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

35. Section 1-27 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Southeast Asia’s landforms, islands, long coastlines, and many rivers make water transportation the most common way to move people and goods in the region.  (pages 764–765) Transportation As the crossroads of major ocean trade routes, Southeast Asia has major ports such as Jakarta and Palembang in Indonesia, the city of Singapore, and Manila in the Philippines.

36. Section 1-28 (pages 764–765) Transportation (cont.) Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again.

37. Section 1-29 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Highway systems in Southeast Asia vary widely.  (pages 764–765) Transportation (cont.) Some countries can afford to improve their systems, but others cannot.  Generally, highways and railroads link only the major cities.

38. Section 1-30 (pages 764–765) Transportation (cont.) Why does Southeast Asia not have better highway systems? Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Possible answer: Southeast Asia is made up of many islands and peninsulas. These land areas are frequently mountainous or covered by rain forests and would make road building difficult. Some countries lack the financial resources to fund expensive highway systems.

39. Section 1-31 (page 765) Communications Communications systems depend on a country’s level of industrialization.  In general, people in urbanized or developed areas have access to good communication systems, but people in rural or less developed areas have little access.  Internet and wireless communications have helped Southeast Asian economies. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

40. Section 1-32 Communications (cont.) Governments in the region own radio and television stations.  Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (page 765) Most people own radios, but television sets are less common.

41. Section 1-33 Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again. Communications (cont.) (page 765)

42. Section 1-34 Why does telecommunication service remain poor in rural areas? Rugged terrain, great distances, lack of infrastructure, and expensive equipment are all factors leading to poor telecommunications in rural areas. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Communications (cont.) (page 765)

43. Section 1-35 Checking for Understanding __ 1.organization formed in 1967 to promote regional development and trade in Southeast Asia __ 2.farm crop grown to be sold or traded rather the be used by the farm family __ 3.port city such as Singapore, where goods can be unloaded, stored, and reshipped without the payment of import duties __ 4.relying on one another for goods, services, and ideas __ 5.deposit of minerals A.paddy B.sickle C.subsistence crop D.cash crop E.lode F.interdependent G.Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) H.free port Define Match each definition in the left column with the appropriate term in the right column. D H F E G Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.

44. Section 1-36 Checking for Understanding __ 6.flooded field in which rice is grown __ 7.large, curved knife with a handle, used to cut grass or tall grains __ 8.a crop grown mainly to feed the farmer’s family A.paddy B.sickle C.subsistence crop D.cash crop E.lode F.interdependent G.Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) H.free port Define Match each definition in the left column with the appropriate term in the right column. B C A Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.

45. Section 1-37 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Critical Thinking Making Comparisons How is a country’s workforce affected by growing cash crops? Subsistence crops? Cash crops provide money for national economic development and subsistence crops feed the country’s farm families.

46. Section 1-38 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Critical Thinking Making Generalizations What might other Southeast Asian countries learn from Singapore’s economic success? Possible answer: They might learn how to diversify the economy, establish free trade zones, improve communications, and how to commit to education.

47. Section 1-39 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Critical Thinking Predicting Consequences How might rural ways of life change in Southeast Asia as communications services are developed? Provide examples to support your answer. Possible answer: Plantation owners might hire workers to plant and harvest cash crops and subsistence farmers might grow food for local needs as well as for themselves.

48. Section 1-40 Analyzing Maps Place Study the economic activity map on the right. What geographic feature is common among most manufacturing and trade centers? Explain this relationship. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

49. Section 1-41 Analyzing Maps They are on rivers or ocean ports and are ideal for transportation.

50. Section 1-42 Applying Geography Water Transportation Think about different kinds of transportation in Southeast Asia. Write a paragraph in which you discuss the day-to- day impacts of relying on water transportation. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Possible answer: Water transportation is often slower and less dependable than land transportation. Storms, droughts, and other natural events or conditions affect it.

51. Section 1-43 Close Identify one country in Southeast Asia and share the most interesting fact that you learned about that country.

52. End of Section 1

53. Section 2-1 People and Their Environment Identify dangers posed by volcanoes, floods, and typhoons in Southeast Asia  Objectives Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Describe how economic progress has increased environmental pollution in the region  Discuss the efforts underway to protect the environment in Southeast Asia

54. Section 2-2 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Terms to Know cyclone  typhoon  shifting cultivation People and Their Environment

55. Section 2-3 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Ring of Fire  Places to Locate Bali People and Their Environment

56. Section 2-4 Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again.

57. Section 2-5 Along coastal regions of northern Java in Indonesia, villagers have created ponds in the salty tidal waters of mangrove forests. In recent years, these ponds–used for farming fish and prawns–have been expanded into nearby inland paddies. There mechanical pumps mix seawater and freshwater that help fish and prawns produce in abundance.

58. Section 2-6 Nature’s Might Much of Southeast Asia is part of the Ring of Fire and is subject to earthquakes and volcanic activity. Flash floods and typhoons occur periodically. Natural disasters and their effects are part of everyday life in many parts of Southeast Asia. (pages 766–768)

59. Section 2-7 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Volcanoes Volcanic eruptions are common throughout the region.  The Mayon Volcano in the Philippines erupted in 1993 and again in 2000.  Mount Pinatubo, also in the Philippines, erupted in 1991, killing about 800 people.  Gunung Agung, a towering volcano on the Indonesian island of Bali, last erupted in 1963, killing more than 1,500 people. Nature’s Might (cont.) (pages 766–768)

60. Section 2-8 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Floods and Typhoons  Nature’s Might (cont.) (pages 766–768) -Flash floods in Southeast Asia kill hundreds of people and devastate 10 million acres (4 million ha) of crops every year.  -Deforestation has made flooding more severe.  -The rivers of mainland Southeast Asia flood every year with the change of the seasons.

61. Section 2-9 Nature’s Might (cont.) (pages 766–768) Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again.

62. Section 2-10 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Nature’s Might (cont.) (pages 766–768) -Some sections of Bangkok, which is built on unstable land, sink more than 25 inches (64 cm) each year during the floods.  -Cyclones and typhoons often smash through Southeast Asia, causing serious damage.  -Thailand is beginning to build dams to prevent typhoon-related flooding.

63. Section 2-11 What steps might Southeast Asians take to better protect themselves from typhoons? Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Possible answers: Improve systems of prediction and communication to help minimize loss of life; build dams to control floods and dikes that would keep out water. Nature’s Might (cont.) (pages 766–768)

64. Section 2-12 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Environmental Pollution Cities  (pages 768–769) -Economic growth in Southeast Asia stresses environmental resources.  -As industrial output increases, the standard of living has risen, but industrial pollution also has affected many areas.  -Growing populations and crowded urban conditions raise concerns about adequate housing, water supplies, sanitation, and traffic control.  -In Singapore, strictly enforced environmental laws keep the city extremely clean, making it an exception in Southeast Asia.

65. Section 2-13 Environmental Pollution (cont.) Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again. (pages 768–769)

66. Section 2-14 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Environmental Pollution (cont.) (pages 768–769) -In some parts of Southeast Asia, pollution extends into the countryside, including national parks.  -Volcanic eruptions and forest fires cause pollution in rural areas, sometimes affecting cities as well. Rural Areas 

67. Section 2-15 What do you think are the positive and negative aspects of Singapore’s environmental laws? Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. (pages 768–769) Possible answers: The positive aspects of Singapore’s environmental laws include the strict law enforcement that helps reduce pollution. The negative aspects of Singapore’s laws reflect a government that over regulates citizens’ lives. Environmental Pollution (cont.)

68. Section 2-16 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Logging, Farming, and Mining Deforestation Deforestation is a major concern throughout Southeast Asia.  (page 770) Commercial logging provides the timber that is a chief export in the region; it also leaves soil exposed to erosion.  Slash-and-burn agriculture and the clearing of land for large plantations have also damaged forests.

69. Section 2-17 Mining The mining of valuable minerals and metals has led to environmental abuses, such as the dumping of rock waste in rivers and forests. Logging, Farming, and Mining (cont.) (page 770)

70. Section 2-18 What changes can people make in the ways they farm and mine to help the environment? Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. (pages 770) Possible answers: People can replant trees where they have harvested lumber. This will, over time, give them a continuous supply of lumber. Proper disposal of mining waste could reduce the harmful effects of mining on the environment. Logging, Farming, and Mining (cont.)

71. Malaysia has a long history of preserving and managing its rain forests.  The country still has half of its rain forest cover.  Some countries in the region have begun planned migration or resettlement programs. Section 2-19 Environmental Protection Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Some Southeast Asian countries have limited certain timber exports and have begun reforestation programs.  (pages 770–771)

72. Section 2-20 Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again. (pages 770–771) Environmental Protection (cont.)

73. Section 2-21 The Laotian government has tried to resettle highlands people in fertile areas to avoid the problems of shifting farming. Indonesia is planning to move people from crowded islands to less-populated Papua.  Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 770–771) Scientists are discussing ways to combat the warming of Bangkok, including the establishment of green zones in the city and the banning of skyscrapers near the sea, allowing winds to blow farther into the city and provide more ventilation. Environmental Protection (cont.)

74. Section 2-22 (pages 770–771) Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again. Environmental Protection (cont.)

75. Section 2-23 What can other countries learn from Malaysia about how to preserve their rain forests? (pages 770–771) Environmental Protection (cont.) Because Malaysia has reduced the effects of deforestation by careful management of its rain forests, other countries might adopt the techniques used by the Malaysians. Limiting timber cutting and exports, along with reforestation and careful planning, have helped Malaysia retain part of its forests. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

76. Section 2-24 Checking for Understanding __ 1.a violent tropical storm that forms in the Pacific Ocean, usual in late summer __ 2.storm with heavy rains and high winds that blow in a circular pattern around an area of low atmospheric pressure __ 3.clearing forests to plant fields for a few years and then abandoning them A.cyclone B.typhoon C.shifting cultivation Define Match each definition in the left column with the appropriate term in the right column. A C B Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.

77. Section 2-25 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Critical Thinking Making Inferences How do governments in Southeast Asia prepare for natural disasters? Possible answers: The governments track storms, provide safety information, set up professional and volunteer emergency help units, and broadcast information on radio and TV.

78. Section 2-26 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Predicting Consequences What might be the consequences of clearing rain forests for housing in Indonesia? Critical Thinking Clearing the rain forests for housing in Indonesia might increase soil erosion, flooding, and threats to wildlife.

79. Section 2-27 Analyzing Charts Human-Environment Interaction Study the chart on page 769 of your textbook. What types of economic activities cause the burning of forests in Southeast Asia? Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

80. Section 2-28 Analyzing Charts Logging and agriculture often cause the burning of forests in Southeast Asia.

81. Section 2-29 Applying Geography Using Resources Evaluate the geographic impact of Southeast Asian government policies related to the use of resources. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Industrialization and urban growth have developed but also strained natural resources.

82. Section 2-30 Close Discuss whether environmental pollution or natural disasters are a greater threat to Southeast Asia. Remember to support your opinion with facts.

83. End of Section 2

84. Chapter Summary 1 Agriculture is the leading economic activity in Southeast Asia.  Key Points Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The countries of the region are industrializing at different rates, which causes great variation in economies, occupations, transportation, and communications.  Through ASEAN and other organizations that were formed to promote regional development and trade, the countries of Southeast Asia are becoming more interdependent. Section 1: Living in Southeast Asia (pages 759–765)

85. Chapter Summary 2 Section 2: People and Their Environment (pages 766–771) Volcanic eruptions, flash floods, and typhoons have serious effects on Southeast Asians’ lives.  Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Key Points Industrialization and economic development in Southeast Asia often result in the pollution of air, land, and water.  The region’s countries are taking steps to protect the environment.

86. End of Chapter Summary

87. Chapter Assessment 1 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Reviewing Key Terms Insert the key term that best completes each of the following sentences. cash cropscyclonefree port interdependentlodespaddy shifting cultivationsickle Association of Southeast Asian Nations 1.Papua has rich ___________________, or deposits of minerals. 2. ___________________ in the Philippines include coconuts and sugarcane. 3.A flooded field in which rice is grown is a ___________________. 4.Countries involved in oceangoing trade are attracted by a(n)___________________ such as Singapore. lodes Cash crops paddy free port

88. Chapter Assessment 2 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. 5.By becoming ___________________, the countries of Southeast Asia can build the region’s economy. 6.Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippine, Singapore, and Thailand were the first countries to join the __________________________________. Reviewing Key Terms interdependent Association of Southeast Asian Nations Insert the key term that best completes each of the following sentences. cash cropscyclonefree port interdependentlodespaddy shifting cultivationsickle Association of Southeast Asian Nations

89. Chapter Assessment 3 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. 7.Southeast Asia experiences a specific kind of ___________________, known as a typhoon. 8.A hand tool called a(n)___________________ is still used to harvest crops. 9.In ___________________ farmers abandon their fields after a few years. Reviewing Key Terms cyclone sickle shifting cultivation Insert the key term that best completes each of the following sentences. cash cropscyclonefree port interdependentlodespaddy shifting cultivationsickle Association of Southeast Asian Nations

90. Chapter Assessment 4 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. What is the occupation of most people in Southeast Asia? Reviewing Facts Section 1: Living in Southeast Asia Farming is the occupation of most people in Southeast Asia.

91. Chapter Assessment 5 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. What types of industries are the countries of Southeast Asia developing? Reviewing Facts The type of industries that the countries of Southeast Asia are developing include textile and clothing manufacturing, automobile assembly, electronics, oil refining, cement, and chemicals. Section 1: Living in Southeast Asia

92. Chapter Assessment 6 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. List three negative impacts of industrialization in Southeast Asia. Give examples. Reviewing Facts Three negative impacts of industrialization in Southeast Asia include air pollution, overcrowding of cities, and dumping of toxic wastes. Section 1: Living in Southeast Asia

93. Chapter Assessment 7 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. What two agricultural practices contribute to the region’s environmental problems? Reviewing Facts Section 2: People and Their Environment The two agricultural practices that contribute to the region’s environmental problems are slash-and-burn agriculture and shifting cultivation.

94. Chapter Assessment 8 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Identifying Cause and Effect What effects might continued mining and logging have on Papua’s people? Logging and mining may continue to benefit foreign investors without improving the people’s standard of living. Critical Thinking

95. Chapter Assessment 9 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Making Inferences How does interdependence help Southeast Asia’s economic development and trade? Possible answer: Interdependence promotes economic stability and cultural exchange. Critical Thinking

96. Chapter Assessment 10 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Locating Places Match the letters on the map with the places and physical features of Southeast Asia. __1.Chao Phraya River __2.Brunei __3.Myanmar __4.Phnom Penh __5.Bali __6.East Timor __7.Hanoi __8Pacific Ocean __9.Jakarta __10.New Guinea G A B F C E J I D H

97. Chapter Assessment 11 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. What country was temporarily governed by the United Nations? East Timor is the country that was temporarily governed by the United Nations.

98. End of Chapter Assessment

99. Geography Online Explore online information about the topics introduced in this chapter. Click on the Connect button to launch your browser and go to the Glencoe World Geography Web site. At this site, you will find interactive activities, current events information, and Web sites correlated with the chapters and units in the textbook. When you finish exploring, exit the browser program to return to this presentation. If you experience difficulty connecting to the Web site, manually launch your Web browser and go to http://geography.glencoe.com

100. STP 1 Study the bar graph below. Then choose the best answer for the multiple-choice question. If you have trouble answering the question, use the process of elimination to narrow your choices.

101. STP 2 1. What conclusions can you draw from the graph? ANewspapers are censored in Laos. BPeople in rural areas have less access to literacy programs. CUrban populations have more access to news sources. DTelevisions are less expensive in Singapore than in other countries in Southeast Asia. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Test-Taking Tip Study the title and labels on the graph to see what information is being presented. Note the important facts, and look at the relationships among the countries. Remember, an answer choice that may be true cannot be the correct answer if there is no information to support it in the graph.

102. GeoFact 1 Papua: Gold Papua: Tree Dwellers Click on a hyperlink to view the corresponding slide.

103. GeoFact 1a It is estimated that the Indonesian province of Papua has the largest single gold reserve in the world–an estimated 40 million ounces–and copper deposits of 28 billion pounds.

104. GeoFact 1b Some of the 250 indigenous people of Indonesia’s Papua are tree dwellers. For example, the Kombai people build their houses in the treetops, as high as 150 feet (46 m), partly to protect them from rival groups.

105. Interdisciplinary Connection 2 SCIENCE Typhoons strike the Philippines from June to November. In 1991 Typhoon Thelma caused flash floods that killed about 3,000 people. Typhoon Angela struck the Philippines in 1995 and killed more than 700 people.

106. FYI 1 The PhilippinesThe Philippines exports chemicals, machinery, and petroleum to its main trading partners, the United States and Japan.

107. Philippines Language:Tagalog, English Population:77,200,000 666 per square mi. 257 per square km Landmass:115,830 square mi. 300,000 square km Currency:Philippine Peso Government:Republic Raw Materials Electronic Equipment Major Export Major Import

108. SkillBuilder 1 Drawing Conclusions Drawing conclusions involves studying facts and details to understand how they are related and what they mean. By putting this information together, you can better understand an action or event.

109. SkillBuilder 2 Learning the Skill When you draw a conclusion, you use facts, observation, and experience to form a judgment about an event. Drawing conclusions allows you to understand indirectly stated ideas and events, so you can apply your knowledge to similar situations.  Drawing Conclusions Sometimes, however, people draw incorrect conclusions based on the information they have. Often the facts and details of a situation could logically lead to more than one conclusion. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

110. SkillBuilder 3 For example, if you see someone sweating, you might conclude that the person has been exercising. You might also conclude that this person may be sick with a fever. To determine which conclusion is correct, you would need to obtain and evaluate further information. To determine the accuracy of any conclusion, it is important to gather information that will prove or disprove it. Learning the Skill Drawing Conclusions

111. SkillBuilder 4 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Follow these steps when drawing conclusions:  Review the facts that are stated directly.  Use your own knowledge, experience, and insight to form conclusions about the facts.  Find information that would help prove or disprove your conclusion. Learning the Skill Drawing Conclusions

112. SkillBuilder 5 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answer. Practicing the Skill Read the excerpt on page 774 of your textbook about traveling with the Penan people of Malaysia, and answer the following questions. 1.What important facts do the author include? Possible answers: The author includes facts that relate to the location and nature of the trip, the activities and attitudes of the Penan people. Drawing Conclusions

113. SkillBuilder 6 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answer. Practicing the Skill 2.What information does Tu’o’s morning prayer provide about his attitude toward the forest? From Tu’o’s morning prayer one can obtain information about his appreciation, reverence, humility, and belief in a supreme being. Read the excerpt on page 774 of your textbook about traveling with the Penan people of Malaysia, and answer the following questions. Drawing Conclusions

114. SkillBuilder 7 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answer. Practicing the Skill 3.What conclusion can you draw about the Penan people based on this author’s description? Possible answers: The Penan people live close to nature, have the skills to survive in the forest, are physically fit, and respect the resources found in the environment. Read the excerpt on page 774 of your textbook about traveling with the Penan people of Malaysia, and answer the following questions. Drawing Conclusions

115. SkillBuilder 8 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answer. 4.What evidence do you have to support this conclusion? The conclusion is based on the things the Penan do to make their way successfully through the forest. Practicing the Skill Read the excerpt on page 774 of your textbook about traveling with the Penan people of Malaysia, and answer the following questions. Drawing Conclusions

116. Maps and Charts Contents Chart Southeast Asia’s Burning Forests Click on a hyperlink to view the corresponding slide.

117. Maps and Charts 1

118. Political Map Transparency

119. Daily Focus Skills Transparency 1 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

120. Daily Focus Skills Transparency 2 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Indonesian forest fires are a source of pollution that affects air quality in the region.

121. End of Custom Shows WARNING! Do Not Remove This slide is intentionally blank and is set to auto-advance to end custom shows and return to the main presentation.

122. End of Slide Show