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Genetics Review
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23 How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?
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Gregor Mendel Who is considered the father of genetics?
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Gene A _______ is a section of DNA that codes for a protein and determines a trait.
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Phenotype The _________ is the physical characteristic of an organism.
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Trait A ________ is a specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another.
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Principle of Dominance “Some alleles are dominant and some are recessive” describes which of Mendel’s 3 Laws?
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Incomplete Dominance ________ creates a blended phenotype; one allele is not completely dominant over the other.
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Heterozygous Has two different alleles for a particular trait; hybrid
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Allele A(n) ________ is a form of a gene.
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Multiple Alleles Three or more versions exist for a particular trait.
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Recessive A ________ trait is one that will only appear in the phenotype if the organism inherits two of them
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Principle of Segregation During gamete formation, alleles are separated from each other so that each gamete carries only a single copy of each gene. This describes which of Mendel’s 3 Laws?
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Independent Assortment Principle that genes do not influence each other’s inheritance because they are separated independently during meiosis
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Gamete A ________ is a sex cell; sperm or egg.
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Probability ________ is the likelihood an event will occur.
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Hybrid A(n) ________ is an offspring of a cross between parents with different traits; heterozygous
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Dominant Trait that will show up in an organism’s phenotype if present at all in the organism’s genotype
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Genotype An organism’s ________ is its genetic makeup for a particular trait.
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Homozygous Has two identical alleles for a particular trait; true-breeding or purebred
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Punnett Square A _________ is a diagram that shows the possible results of a genetic cross
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Law of Independent Assortment Genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes. This describes which of Mendel’s 3 Laws?
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Segregation ________ is the separation of alleles during meiosis or gamete formation.
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Pea Plants On what organisms did Gregor Mendel do his hereditary experiments?
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