1. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. Software-Defined Data Center Module 2

2. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-2 You Are Here 1. Course Introduction 2. Software-Defined Data Center 3. Creating Virtual Machines 4. vCenter Server 5. Configuring and Managing Virtual Networks 6. Configuring and Managing Virtual Storage 7. Virtual Machine Management 8. Resource Management and Monitoring 9. vSphere HA and vSphere Fault Tolerance 10. Host Scalability 11. vSphere Update Manager and Host Maintenance 12. Installing vSphere Components

3. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-3 Importance VMware vSphere® is based on many components with which a vSphere administrator should be familiar. You must understand the following concepts and best practices: Virtualization, VMware ESXi™, and the virtual machine The fundamental vSphere components and how vSphere can be used in the software-defined data center How VMware vSphere® Client™ and VMware vSphere® Web Client are used to administer and manage vSphere environments

4. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-4 Module Lessons Lesson 1:Introduction to the Software-Defined Data Center Lesson 2:vSphere Client Lesson 3:Overview of ESXi

5. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. 2-5 Lesson 1: Introduction to the Software- Defined Data Center

6. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-6 Learner Objectives By the end of this lesson, you should be able to meet the following objectives: Compare and contrast physical and virtual architectures Describe the benefits of using virtual machines Describe how vSphere interacts with CPUs, memory, networks, and storage Describe how vSphere fits into the cloud and the software-defined data center

7. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-7 Topology of a Physical Data Center Administering and maintaining a physical data center is time consuming and often inefficient. Fibre Channel Storage Fibre Channel Ethernet NFS Storage iSCSI Storage Local Area Network Applications Operating System Physical Host FCoE Storage

8. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-8 Introducing the Virtual Infrastructure Virtualization enables you to run more workloads on a single server by consolidating the environment so that your applications run on virtual machines. Hypervisor ESXi Host Fibre Channel Fibre Channel Storage Ethernet NFS StorageiSCSI StorageLocal Area Network Virtual Machines FCoE Storage

9. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-9 About Virtual Machines A virtual machine is a software computer that, like a physical computer, runs an operating system and applications. Operating system VMware Tools™ Virtual resources such as: – CPU and memory – Network adapters – Disk controllers – Parallel and serial ports Virtual MachineVirtual Machine Components

10. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-10 Benefits of Using Virtual Machines Physical Machines Difficult to relocate: Moves require downtime. Specific to physical hardware. Difficult to manage: Require physical maintenance. Hardware failures cause downtime. Hardware has limitations: Hardware changes limit application support. One-to-one relationship between application and server. Virtual Machines Easy to relocate: Encapsulated into files. Independent of physical hardware. Easy to manage: Isolated from other virtual machines. Insulated from hardware changes. Provide the ability to support legacy applications. Enable servers to be consolidated.

11. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-11 Physical Architecture and Virtual Architecture Virtualization is a technology that decouples physical hardware from a computer operating system and provides a solution to many of the problems that IT staff face. Virtual Architecture x64 Architecture vSphere Physical Architecture x64 Architecture Operating System Application

12. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-12 Physical Resource Sharing vSphere x64 Architecture Virtual Resources Physical Resources

13. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-13 x64 Architecture Operating System Application CPU Virtualization In a physical environment, the operating system assumes the ownership of all the physical CPUs in the system. CPU virtualization emphasizes performance and runs directly on the available CPUs. Virtual Architecture x64 Architecture vSphere Physical Architecture

14. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-14 Physical and Virtualized Host Memory Usage In a physical environment, the operating system assumes the ownership of all physical memory in the system. Memory virtualization emphasizes performance and runs directly on the available RAM. Physical ArchitectureVirtual Architecture x64 Architecture Operating System x64 Architecture vSphere Application 1 GB2 GB8 GB

15. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-15 Physical and Virtual Networking Virtual Ethernet adapters and virtual switches are key virtual networking components. Virtual Architecture vSphere Physical Architecture x64 Architecture Operating System Application Virtual Switch x64 Architecture

16. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-16 Physical File Systems and VMFS VMware vSphere® VMFS enables a distributed storage architecture, allowing multiple ESXi hosts to read or write to the shared storage concurrently. NTFS, ext4, UFS Physical Architecture Virtual Architecture Operating System Application vSphere Shared Storage: VMFS, NFS, Virtual SAN x64 Architecture

17. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-17 Encapsulation Virtual machine files are stored in directories on a VMFS or NFS datastore. VM 1 VM 2 VM 3 VM 1 VM 2 VM 3 Datastore: VMFS or NFS

18. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-18 About the Software-Defined Data Center In a software-defined data center, all infrastructure is virtualized, and the control of the data center is entirely automated by software. Software-Defined Data Center Hybrid Cloud VMware and vCloud Air Data Center Partners Public Clouds Public Clouds Policy-Based Management and Automation Cloud Automation Cloud Operations Cloud Business Virtualized Infrastructure Abstract and Pool Compute Abstraction = Server Virtualization Network Abstraction = Virtual Networking Storage Abstraction = Software-Defined Storage Virtual networking Virtual storage

19. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-19 How vSphere Fits into Cloud Computing Cloud computing is an approach that uses the efficient pooling of an on- demand, self-managed, virtual infrastructure. Hybrid Cloud Private Cloud Public Cloud

20. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-20 About Private Clouds Private clouds are pools of resources dedicated to a single enterprise. Advantages: Self-service provisioning Elasticity of resources Rapid and simplified provisioning Secured multitenancy Improved use of IT resources Better control of IT budgets Gizmo DivisionWidget Division Human Resources Sales Internet Enterprise Private Cloud

21. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-21 About Public Clouds In their infrastructure public cloud service, providers host many types of IT operations for multiple businesses. Advantages: Company A Company B Cloud Service Provider Company C Customer management of IT Rapid and flexible deployments Efficient and cost-effective deployments Secure IT assets Capital expenses converted to operating expenses

22. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-22 About Hybrid Clouds IT assets are housed both internally on customer premises and in public clouds. App Loads Hybrid Cloud Private Clouds Public Clouds Bridge Management vSphere Use Cases Disaster recoveryTraffic overflow Quick provisioningOffsite backup Data archivingDevelopment / QA / test

23. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-23 Review of Learner Objectives You should be able to meet the following objectives: Compare and contrast physical and virtual architectures Describe the benefits of using virtual machines Describe how vSphere interacts with CPUs, memory, networks, and storage Describe how vSphere fits into the cloud and the software-defined data center

24. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. 2-24 Lesson 2: vSphere Client

25. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-25 Learner Objectives By the end of this lesson, you should be able to meet the following objectives: Identify the user interfaces used with the ESXi host and VMware vCenter Server™ Download and install vSphere Client Use vSphere Client to access your ESXi hosts and vCenter Server

26. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-26 User Interfaces You use the vSphere Web Client and the vSphere Client to interact with a vSphere environment. vSphere Client vSphere Web Client ESXi Host Your Desktop vCenter Server

27. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-27 Downloading vSphere Client You use the vSphere Client to connect remotely to an ESXi host and vCenter Server from a Windows system. Ways to download the vSphere Client: Use the VMware vCenter Server Installer. Download the client from the vCenter Server system or an ESXi host. Internet access is required. Downloading the vSphere Client to a supported Windows system Pointing to the vCenter Server system or the ESXi host

28. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-28 Using vSphere Client In the vSphere Client login window, you enter the following information: Host name or IP address of ESXi host or vCenter Server User name Password Or you can use your Windows session credentials.

29. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-29 vSphere Client: Configuration Tab When you log in to an ESXi host, the vSphere Client shows the ESXi host in the left pane. You use the Configuration tab to view or configure the host’s hardware and software settings.

30. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-30 Viewing Processor and Memory Configuration You can view processor and memory configuration information for the ESXi host in the Hardware list on the Configuration tab.

31. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-31 Viewing and Exporting ESXi Host System Logs You can use the vSphere Client to view system logs. You export the system logs to an archive file and send them to VMware Support.

32. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-32 Viewing Licensed Features You assign a valid license key to your ESXi host through the Licensed Features link. The Licensed Features pane shows the type of license and available features.

33. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-33 Lab 1: Installing vSphere Client Access the student desktop and install vSphere Client 1. Access Your Student Desktop System 2. Install vSphere Client

34. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-34 Review of Learner Objectives You should be able to meet the following objectives: Identify the user interfaces used with the ESXi host and VMware vCenter Server™ Download and install vSphere Client Use vSphere Client to access your ESXi hosts and vCenter Server

35. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. 2-35 Lesson 3: Overview of ESXi

36. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-36 Learner Objectives By the end of this lesson, you should be able to meet the following objectives: Describe ESXi host architecture Use the vSphere Client to access an ESXi host View ESXi host settings: – Processor and memory configuration – Licensing – DNS and routing – Security profile Identify user account best practices

37. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-37 About ESXi Hosts An ESXi host has the following availability and features: Available for purchase with vSphere or as a free version that can be downloaded. High security: – Memory hardening – Kernel module integrity – Trusted platform module Small disk footprint Installable on hard disks, SAN LUNs, USB devices, SD cards, and diskless hosts

38. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-38 Physical and Virtual Architecture The ESXi hypervisor provides a virtualization layer that abstracts the processor, memory, storage, and networking resources of the physical host and allocates them to multiple virtual machines. VMware Hypervisor: VMkernel VMM vSphere Web Client vCenter Server vSphere Client vCLI (Scripting) vSphere API/SDK CIM (Hardware Management)

39. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-39 Configuring an ESXi Host The Direct Console User Interface (DCUI) is similar to the BIOS of a computer, with a keyboard-only UI.

40. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-40 Configuring an ESXi Host: Root Access DCUI enables an administrator to configure root access settings. Set a root password (complex passwords only). Enable or disable lockdown mode: – Limits management of the host to vCenter Server. – Enabled only for hosts managed by vCenter Server.

41. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-41 Configuring an ESXi Host: Management Network The DCUI enables you to modify network settings: Host name IP configuration (IP address, subnet mask, default gateway) DNS servers

42. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-42 Configuring an ESXi Host: Other Settings The DCUI enables an administrator to configure the keyboard layout, enable troubleshooting services, view support information, and view system logs.

43. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-43 Network Settings: DNS and Routing The DNS and Routing link enables an administrator to apply the host name and domain, DNS server addresses and search domains, and the default VMkernal gateway.

44. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-44 Remote Access Settings: Security Profile The security profile controls remote access to an ESXi host: Remote clients are prevented from accessing services on the host. Local clients are prevented from accessing services on remote hosts. Unless configured otherwise, daemons, such as DCUI or NTP server processes, start and stop with the ESXi host.

45. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-45 Managing User Accounts Best Practices Exercise care when assigning user accounts to access ESXi hosts or vCenter Server systems. Strictly control root privileges to ESXi hosts. Use the vSphere Web Client to manage ESXi hosts. Log in to the vCenter Server system using vCenter Server user accounts, which can be either local or domain accounts.

46. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-46 Lab 2: Configuring ESXi Hosts Configure an ESXi host 1. Examine the ESXi Host Hardware Configuration 2. Configure the DNS and Routing Information for an ESXi Host 3. Configure an ESXi Host to Use Directory Services

47. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-47 Review of Learner Objectives You should be able to meet the following objectives: Describe ESXi host architecture Use the vSphere Client to access an ESXi host View ESXi host settings: – Processor and memory configuration – Licensing – DNS and routing – Security profile Identify user account best practices

48. © 2015 VMware Inc. All rights reserved. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage 2-48 Key Points Using virtual machines solves many data center problems. Virtual machines are hardware independent. Virtual machines share the physical resources of the ESXi host on which they reside. A virtual machine is a set of files that is easy to transfer and back up. Virtual machine files are encapsulated into a folder and placed on a datastore. The ESXi hypervisor runs directly on the host. vSphere abstracts CPU, memory, storage, and networking for virtual machine use. Questions?