1. On the Origin of Species 1859 Inheritance of acquired characteristics 1809

2. Hereditary characteristics (phenotypes) dominant and recessive traits 1865 Thomas Hunt Morgan ‘theory of the gene’ 1926

3. Chargaff’s Rules %G = %C %A = %T 1950 Avery-MacLoed-McCarty experiment isolates DNA as the genetic material 1926

4. Miescher dicovers « nuclein » later known as nucleic acid/DNA 1869 The Double Helix 1953

5. Francis Crick The Central Dogma 1956 Jacob, Monod, Lwoff The Operon Model 1959

6. Paul Berg First recombinant DNA cloning experiments 1972 David Baltimore Reverse transcriptase 1970

7. DNA sequencing techniques 1974 Kary Mullis PCR 1980 Walter GilbertFred Sanger

8. The Human Genome Sequence 2001 William Bateson Coined the word « genetics » 1905

9. Haemophilus influenzae First living organism genome sequenced 1995 Conrad Waddington Coined the word « epigenetics » 1942

10. Cloning Dolly 1996 James Thomson Isolating human embryonic stem cells 1998 James Thomson University of Wisconsin-Madison