1. 100 years of living science November 2007 University of Mauritius Health Tourism Dr Steve Hajioff, Director, PHAST

2. Health Tourism Definition: planned use of medical services away from home: Health Tourism (Medical Tourism) is the travel to other nations or territories for the purpose of procurement of medical services and other health interventions. Definition of Health Tourism

3. Health Tourism Timeline of Health Tourism – the ancient world

4. Health Tourism Timeline of Health Tourism – the spas of Europe

5. Health Tourism Timeline of Health Tourism – the present and beyond

6. Health Tourism The uninsured Lifestyle experience Cosmetic and lifestyle procedures Wealthy people living in less developed nations Middle income people living in richer nations ?Insurance/social insurance/state commissioned systems Who?

7. Health Tourism Who?

8. Health Tourism Who?

9. Health Tourism Who?

10. Health Tourism Lower out of pocket payment Access to technologies/procedures Waiting times Privacy/anonymity The visual environment and wound healing The Benefits for the Individual

11. Health Tourism Source: HCUP/provider quotes The Benefits for the Individual - price

12. Health Tourism Complications/cost of follow up Medico-legal Clinical notes Counterfeit drugs Insurance coverage Lack of social support Travel complications Risks for the Individual

13. Health Tourism Capital development of healthcare infrastructure »Better facilities for the home population Development of clinical standards and governance »Better health and healthcare for the home population Government revenues Economic development Benefits for the host nation

14. Health Tourism Taxation Service provider arrangements Visa fees Benefits for the host nation – government revenues

15. Health Tourism Total health tourism market estimated to be worth US$40bn in 2010 Health tourism market estimated to grow by US$188bn 2013 Other estimates place the market in 2015 in trillions of dollars The total GDP of Mauritius in 2006 was estimated at US$7.2bn US$1 buys approximately 2.5 times as much in Mauritius as in the US Capturing 1% of the global market would roughly double GDP growth Spin-off benefits for broader economy Sources: D Hancock, Central Intelligence Agency Benefits for the host nation – economic development

16. Health Tourism Unrealised potential Suboptimal capital arrangements Suboptimal revenue arrangements Reputation Public health risks Social costs Risks for the host nation

17. Health Tourism WHO comparative indicators

18. Health Tourism WHO comparative indicators

19. Health Tourism WHO comparative indicators

20. Health Tourism 1% of the global health tourism market in 2013 >US$2bn This is equivalent in purchasing power to US$5bn The total GDP of Mauritius in 2006 was US$7.2bn (17bn PPP) Health expenditure in Mauritius in 2002 was US$400m (1bn PPP) Sources: D Hancock, Central Intelligence Agency, WHO Benefits for the host nation – economic development

21. Health Tourism WHO comparative indicators

22. Health Tourism Timeline of health tourism Characteristics of a health tourist Benefits and risks for the individual tourist Benefits and risks for the nation Comparative indicators with potential customer and competitor countries Potential impacts for the economy of Mauritius Summary

23. 100 years of living science November 2007 University of Mauritius Health Tourism Dr Steve Hajioff, Director, PHAST