1. MS. TAYLOR History of Sports Medicine

2. Topics of Discussion History of Athletic Training The field of sports medicine The field of athletic training The role of: the student athletic trainer, the coach, the certified/ licensed athletic trainer, the team physician, and other staff members

3. Introduction Athletic training is the prevention, recognition, treatment and rehabilitation of athletic injuries. K. Taylor, MS, ATC, VAT/L (certified and licensed athletic trainer).

4. The Field of Sports Medicine Sports medicine is a generic term that encompasses many different areas of sports related to both performance and injury Areas of sports medicine may include: 1. Athletic training 2. Biomechanics 3. Exercise physiology 4. Physical therapy 5. Sports nutrition 6. Sports Psychology

5. The Field of Sports Medicine So what? Why is this important? The clinical application of the work of these disciplines is performed to improve and maintain an individual’s functional capacities for physical labor, exercise, and sports. It also includes the prevention and treatment of diseases and injuries related to exercise and sports.

6. History of Athletic Training Reflected mostly in ancient Greece and roman civilizations. - The Olympics - The Gladiators Galen, the greatest name in roman medicine,served as physician at gladiatorial contests Herodicus was consider to be the first sports medicine physician

7. History of Athletic Training Sports declined after the fall of the roman empire and remerged in the renaissance Athletic training as we know it came into existence during the late nineteenth century with the establishment of intercollegiate athletics in the US The growth of athletic training in the US has mainly followed the growth of American Football

8. The Field of Athletic Training Athletic training is a sub specialization of sports medicine providing a major link between a sports program and the medical community for the implementation of injury prevention, emergency care, and rehabilitation procedures.

9. The Field of Athletic Training National Athletic Trainers’ Association (NATA) was formed in 1950 In 1990, certified/ licensed athletic trainers’ became recognized by the American Medical Association (AMA)

10. Certified Athletic Trainer ATC ATC’s are…  Board Certified (NATABOC)  State Licensed (LAT)  Recognized by the AMA  Works under the direction of a licensed physician

11. Certified Athletic Trainer ATC ATC specializes in  Prevention of injuries  Recognition, Evaluation, immediate care of injuries  Rehabilitation and Care of injuries  Healthcare administration  Professional development

12. The Sports Medicine Injury Prevention Team Coach Athletic trainer Team physician

13. The Sports Medicine Injury Prevention Team The athlete and parents also are involved when and injury occurs The Coach is responsible for:  Conditioning of the athlete  Equipment (equip manager)  Correct skills & techniques  Apply proper first aid  Environmental factors  The coach coaches and the athletic trainer deals with athletic training matters

14. The Sports Medicine Team Con’t. The Certified Athletic Trainer (ATC) Qualifications  Ideally every organized sports program should have an ATC  Better title??? Sports therapist or sports medicine therapist  Qualifications of a NATA-certified athletic trainer requires an extensive background of formal academic preparation and supervised practical experience in a clinical setting

15. The Sports Medicine Team Con’t. The ATC’s Functions (6 Domains) 1. Prevention of injury (major goal of athletic training) 2. Evaluation, Recognition and Assessment of injuries 3. First Aid and Emergency Care 4. Rehabilitation and Reconditioning 5. Organization 6. Administration

16. The Sports Medicine Team Con’t. ATC employment  High schools  Colleges & universities  Professional teams  Industrial settings  Clinics  Wellness/Fitness Centers  Military  Anywhere!

17. The Sports Medicine Team Con’t. The Team Physician  Must have a full understanding of sport injuries. Ideally with a background in sports medicine  Can be an M.D. or D.O. may be family physician, pediatricians, internal medicine, or orthopedic surgeon  Has the finial authority over the coach and athletic trainer in health matters

18. The Sports Medicine Team Con’t. The Team Physicians duties include:  Seeing that a complete medical history of the athlete is obtained  Determine athletes health status by providing a physical exam  Diagnosing and treating injuries and illness  Acting, when necessary, as an instructor to the athletic trainer, student athletic trainer, coach, etc.

19. The Sports Medicine Team Con’t. The Team Physicians duties include:  Attend all games, athletic contests, scrimmages, and practices when feasible  Decides when, on medical grounds, athletes should be disqualified from participation and when they may be permitted to reenter competition  Serve as an advisor to the athletic trainer, coach, and when necessary, as a counselor to the athlete  Work closely with the school administration, school dentist, athletic trainer, coach, and health services personnel to promote and maintain consistently high standards for the care of the athlete

20. The Sports Medicine Team Con’t.  Nurse  Orthopedist  Dentist  Pediatrician  Podiatrist  Nutrionist  Equipment Personnel  Biomechanist  Strength and Conditioning Coach  Sports Psychologist  Physical Therapist  Exercise Physiologist  Referee  Student Athletic Trainers  Urologist  Cardiologist  Neurologist A number of support health services may be used by a sports program. They may include:

21. Is an Athletic Trainer the same thing as a Personal Trainer or Strength Coach? NOT EVEN CLOSE!!!! The name of our profession is sometimes confusing because Athletic Trainers don't "train" athletes. Athletic Trainers are healthcare providers who provide care for both athletes and non-athletes alike! Athletic Trainers must obtain a license to practice and the nationally recognized ATC® credential requires at least a bachelors degree from an accredited program, extensive clinical practice time under the supervision of credentialed professional, repeated demonstration of proficiency in over 680 clinical skills, and passing a very rigorous national certification examination. Personal trainers, on the other hand, are fitness professionals and NOT healthcare professionals. There is little or no regulation of their professional practice and there are very few requirements to obtain a personal training credential (some of which can be obtained with as little as a weekend course). The only similarity between Athletic Trainers and personal trainers is that both work with athletes, but we do VERY different jobs. If you are interested in becoming a personal trainer, you should consider majoring in exercise science.

22. Athletic Trainers VS Personal Trainers A Certified Athletic Trainer is a person who meets the qualifications set by a state regulatory board and/or the Board of Certification, Inc., and practices athletic training under the direction of a physician. A Personal Trainer is a person who prescribes, monitors and changes in individuals specific exercise program in a fitness or sport setting.

23. Athletic Trainers VS Personal Trainers Certified Athletic Trainers: Must have at least a bachelor's degree in athletic training, which is an allied health profession Must pass a three-part exam before earning the ATC Credential Must keep their skills current by participating in continuing education Must adhere to practice guidelines set by one national certifying agency Personal Trainers: May or may not have higher education in health sciences May or may not be required to obtain certification May or May not participate in continuing education May become certified by any one of numerous agencies that set varying education and practice requirements

24. Athletic Trainers VS Personal Trainers Daily Duties: Personal Trainers: Assess fitness needs and design appropriate exercise regimens Work with clients to achieve fitness goals Help educate the public about the importance of physical activity Work in health clubs, wellness centers and various other locations where fitness activities take place Certified Athletic Trainers: Provide physical medicine and rehabilitation services Prevent, assess and treat injuries (acute and chronic) Coordinate care with physicians and other allied health providers Work in schools, colleges, professional sports, clinics, hospitals, corporations, industry, and military settings

25. Physician Assistant Physician assistants (PA) are licensed health care professionals that practice medicine with physician supervision. PAs  conduct physical exams  diagnose and treat illnesses  order and interpret tests  counsel on preventive health care  assist in surgery  and write prescriptions

26. PHYSICAL THERAPIST Physical therapists (PTs) are health care professionals who diagnose and treat individuals of all ages, from newborns to the geriatric population. PTs examine each individual and develop a plan using treatment techniques to promote the ability to move, reduce pain, restore function, and prevent disability.

27. The Role of the Student Athletic Trainer What is the role as a student athletic trainer (student assistant)?  Assist the ATC with daily tasks Treatment log Stock tables, cabinets, and bags Hydrate athletes at practice Prepare for rehabilitation procedures

28. The Role of the Student Athletic Trainer Relay information to injured athletes in a “Lingo” they can understand Student athletic trainers can only function under the direct supervision of an ATC or LAT

29. Summary What is Athletic Training? Where did Athletic Training/Sports Medicine start? What are the roles of the ATC, Coach, and Team Physician? What are some other occupations that may assist the sports medicine team? Where might you find employment as an ATC? What is the role of the student athletic trainer and list some of their duties.

30. Questions/Comments