1. III. Temperature, Thermal Energy, and Heat A.Temperature – the measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in matter a.Measuring Temperature – thermometer – when particles are heated they expand b.Temperature Scales 1.Celsius: 100° = boiling; 0°= freezing 2.Kelvin: 0 K = absolute freezing; 273 K = freezing; 373 K = boiling 3.Fahrenheit : 212°= boiling of water 32°= freezing

2. B.Thermal Energy and Heat 1.Thermal Energy – the more particles at a given temperature the more thermal energy it has 2.Heat – thermal energy moving from a warmer object to a cooler object

3. C.The transfer of heat 1.Conduction – heat is transferred from one particle to another with out the movement of matter 2.Convection – heat is transferred by the movement of fluids (gasses and liquids) 3.Radiation – transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves (light, x- rays, etc)