1. IV. The New Immigrants

2. A. A Fresh Start 1.Reasons for Migration a.In Europe, farmland shrinking, population growing and machines replacing farmhands. b.Religious Freedom c.Political unrest d.Jobs pulled people to US 2.New Immigrants a.Came from nations of southern and eastern Europe b.Most were Catholic or Jewish c.Few understood English

3. A.Starting a New Life 1.Coming to America a.Immigrants on ship crammed below deck in steerage b.Most landed in NY (from Europe) or San Fransisco (Asia) c.Faced rigorous physical exam 2.Immigrant Neighborhoods a.2/3 settled in cities in ethnic neighborhoods b.This helped them feel more comfortable and less isolated

4. C. Becoming American 1.Assimilation a.Most caught between old world and new b.They worked hard to assimilate or become part of new culture c.Children assimilated more quickly 2.Contributions of Immigrants a.Labor of immigrants essential to economy b.Slowly advanced economically by owning small businesses c.Many immigrants such as, Carnegie and Bell, made major contributions

5. D. A New Wave of Nativism 1.Nativist thought US for natural born citizens only 2.Associated immigrants with violence, crime and anarchy 3.In 1917 Congress passes law stating new immigrants must be able to read own language. Law not eased until 1960