1. IMMIGRATION AND NATIVISM IN THE EARLY 1900’S

2. The New Immigrants  By the late 1800s there was a new type of immigrant that was coming to the United States  they were from southeastern and eastern Europe  they were different ethnically and in terms of customs and traditions from the older immigrant groups in the US

3. Nativism  With the New Immigrants coming into the US a group called Nativists began to rise up  they wanted to keep “America for the Americans”  they did not like the different types of immigrants  they felt threatened by the immigrants in the workforce (immigrants would take lower wages and accept worse conditions)  Nativist groups had been in the US before (in 1850s they opposed Irish and German Catholics)

4. Internal Deliberations  Which groups were very much against immigration?  Why would these groups be anti immigrant?

5. Radicalization of Immigrants  Immigrants were not treated well by the establishment in the US  business owners treated them poorly  government did not take care of them properly  With poor treatment some immigrants began to turn to radical groups  these groups were anti-establishment and they promised to help the immigrants  some of the immigrants would join the groups but would not fight for the group’s causes

6. Socialists and Anarchists  Socialists/Communists targeted immigrants working in factories  they pushed for worker owned factories which would provide better conditions  Anarchists targeted immigrants as well who were not properly represented in government  believed that people were good and would be better off without corrupt politicians running their lives  Both groups used the poor conditions of immigrants to recruit  blamed the elites and promised to help the immigrants

7. Internal Deliberations  Why would the U.S. be concerned with these movements (socialism and anarchism) at this time?  Who is to blame for the rise of these movements in the U.S.?

8. Anti-Radical America  By the 1910s there was a movement of “regular” Americans that fought back against the radical groups  felt the groups were trouble makers and Un- American  The immigrants in the radical groups gave more fuel to the nativist movement  1919 Palmer Raids were raids led by Justice Department against radical groups (mainly immigrants  they arrested and deported “trouble makers” to get rid of the problem

9. Limits on Immigrants  Congress sets rules on immigration  1882 Chinese Exclusion Act stopped immigration from Asia into US  1917 reading tests created to limit immigration  these did not really stop immigrants  1924 National Origins Quota Act looked to place limit on how many immigrants from specific country could enter US every year

10. 1924 National Origins Quota Act  Originally this would allow 3% of a nations population in the US in 1910 to enter US each year  this would allow too many “New Immigrants” so this was changed to 2% of a nations population in the US in 1890 to enter US each year  This would allow about 165,000 immigrants per year into the US and 86% would be “Old Immigrants”

11. Internal Deliberations  What is the long term impact of the Johnson Reed Immigration Law on the U.S.?  Justify this law?