2. Words to Know: Bushido – The code of behavior followed by Japanese samurai characterized by discipline and duty. Daimyo – A local lord in traditional Japanese society. Golden Horde – The Mongol army of nomadic tribesmen, led by Genghis Khan, that invaded Asia in the 1200’s Kamikazi – Japanese for “divine wind”. Samurai – A class of noble warriors in feudal Japan. Shinto – An early Japanese religion based on respect for the forces of nature. Taj Mahal – A tomb in India considered a masterpiece of Mongol architecture.

3. Archipelago – A large group of islands.

4. 1.Muslims were tolerant of Jews and Christians because they were monolithic. 2.Muslims and Hindus could not mix: a. Hindus believed in more then one god. b. Hindus saw the caste system as part of the divine order 3.Muslim invaders entered India by way of the Khyber Pass around 700 AD. 4.By 1175 Turkish Muslims had control of Northern India. 5.Delhi became the capital for this new Muslim Kingdom. 6.Ruling for 300 years these invaders brought Muslim culture and architecture to India.

5. 7.Because of the religious ideology differences, the the Muslim Kingdom in India was always unstable due to riots, assassinations etc.

6. 1.The Mongols conquered Northern India by the late 1300’s but they did not stay 2.In the 1500’s another Mongol, Babur, invaded India and and by 1526 they had control of the northern part. 3.Barbur’s son, Akbar, inherited the throne in 1556 and and ruled for 49 years (Spain in Mexico) 4.Akbar allowed religious freedom and even married a a Hindu princess. 5.After his death, Akbar’s son and grandson expanded the empire.

7. 6.Akbar’s grandson, Jahan, had the Taj Mahal built. 7.Jahan’s son Aurangzeb overthrew Jahan and re- established strict Muslim rule. 8.Even though he gained more territory, Aurangzeb, neglected the government which will eventually lead to his downfall. 9.Hindu kings and Sikhs kept the pressure on in trying to remove the Muslims from power.

8. 1.The Ottoman Empire lasted 600 years, from 1200-1918. 2.In 1453 the Ottoman’s captured Constantinople and changed the name to Istanbul. 3. The success of the Ottoman Empire was based in its organization. 4.The head of the government was called the Sultan. 5.The key part of the army was the Janissary Corps. These converted Muslims were between the ages of 12-20. They could not marry.

9. 5.The Janissary Corps was extremely loyal (Republican Guard). 6.Because the Ottoman’s were willing to use Christians as well and Muslims, they could draw on the expertise of the best in the Empire. 7.Jews and Christians were allowed to worship in their own communities. 8.The Empire reached its peak during the reign of Suleiman the Great. a. He expanded the empire into Europe and challenged the Austrian Hapsburgs

10. b. He was eventually stopped just outside Vienna. c. He helped restore the glory of Istanbul. 9.Beginning around 1600, the Ottoman Empire started to decline. a. The Government became very greedy keeping most of the money for themselves. b. The military grew weaker as it tried to defeat powerful enemies

11. 1.The Sui Dynasty lasted between 589-618. The two Emperors that ruled tried to link the major rivers by creating a series of canals. 2.The Tang Dynasty lasted from 618-907. a. The Empire expanded to include Tibet b. They increased trade with the Muslims and the Byzantine Empire. 3.Chinese Culture. a. The Chinese became masters at Calligraphy b. They developed the wheel barrow and gun powder. c. The Chinese were the first to use paper money and they invented the calculator.

12. 4.During the 11 th and 12 th most of Asia including China was conquered by the Mongols. 5.In 1368 the Mongols were kicked out of Asia and the Ming Dynasty was started in China. a. The Dynasty stressed returning to the old ways. b. They increased trade with other countries in Asia. c. The Dynasty lasted until 1644.

13. 1.Japan is a country consisting of a large group of islands dominated by the four islands of: Hikkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu. 2.Mountains cover 85% of the country and there are 40 active volcanoes. 3.Because of the large amount of rain and the mountains, rice became the staple crop of Japan. 4.Shinto was the religion of the Japanese. Shinto means “referring to the way of the gods.”

15. 5.Japan is referred to as the land of the rising sun in honor of the Shinto god Amatersu. 6.Buddhism was introduced in the mid 500’s 7.In the 11 th century large landowners started creating their own armies (Rome) as the central government fell apart. 8.By 1185 Yoritomo gained the title of Shogun making him the military leader of Japan. 9.Japan eventually evolved a the military dictatorship a. Warriors (knights) were called Samurai. b. The Samurai code was called the “Way of the Warrior.”

16. 10. When the Mongols tried to invade a typhoon struck the Mongol ships and sunk many of them. 11. Thinking the storm was sent by the Kami, the Japanese referred to the storm as the Kamikaze. 12. By 1630 Japan isolated itself from the rest of the world.