1. BOCA – 4/28 Please take out your Major Battles of WWII in Europe chart. Then turn your textbooks to page 614. Good Things Battles in Europe summary Begin War in the Pacific

2. World War II in The Pacific Lesson 7.5 - Students will evaluate the significance of battles/events of the war in the pacific and how these events led to the outcome of the war.

3. Vocabulary Manhattan Project – secret project designed in building a nuclear bomb in the U.S. Island-hopping – a military strategy in WWII where the U.S would selectively attack islands under Japanese control. Kamikaze – a Japanese suicide plane Geneva Convention – a set of international standards of conduct for treating prisoners of war, established in 1929.

4. How the War started Hideki Tojo becomes prime minister of Japan and creates a militarist country. In 1936, Germany and Japan sign the Anti-Comintern Pact and become allies. Finally, on September 27, 1940, Germany, Italy, and Japan signed the Tripartite Pact, which became known as the Axis alliance.

5. How the War Started Japan’s Goal: They wanted to take over and dominate East Asia and the Pacific Ocean. In order to do this, they knew that they had to try to weaken the United States Pacific Fleet. On December 7 th, 1941, Japan Bombs U.S. naval base Pearl Harbor. Tojo was hoping that our aircraft carriers were at Pearl Harbor, luckily they were not. Japan and the U.S. are now at full scale war in the Pacific.

6. BOCA – 4/29 Please take out your WWII in the Pacific Chart and turn your textbooks to page 614. Good Things Finish Battles in Pacific Chart

7. Major Battles of WWII in the Pacific You will now read the War in the Pacific section starting on page 614. As you read the section, fill out the chart on each of the major battles. I will be giving you the rest of the period today and some of the period tomorrow to complete this activity. We will then briefly go over each battle as a class

8. Bataan Death March Date: April to May 1942 Who was involved: Japan vs. Philippines and U.S. Significance: Facing starvation, this marked the surrender of the Philippines to Japanese forces. Results: 75,000 U.S. and Filipino soldiers were forced to march 65 miles. Thousands of troops died because of the brutality of their captors, who starved and beat the marchers, and bayoneted those too weak to walk.

9. Battle of the Coral Sea Date: May 1942 Who was involved: Japan vs. U.S. Significance: This battle prevented the Japanese from invading Australia Results: The battle was a draw and cost both sides more than half of their planes. Both sides also lost aircraft carriers.

10. Battle of Midway Date: June 4 th, 1942 Who was involved: Japan vs. U.S. Significance: After the battle of Midway, Japan was unable to launch any more offensive battles in the Pacific. Results: The U.S. won the battle and successfully destroyed Japan’s 4 aircraft carriers in the battle.

11. Battle of Guadalcanal Date: Aug. 1942 – Feb. 1943 Who was involved: Japan vs. U.S. Significance: The allies conquered their first piece of Japanese territory and this led to island – hopping. Results: The U.S. won the battle but provided marines with their first taste of jungle warfare.

12. Battle of Leyte Gulf Date: October 1944 Who was involved: Japan vs. U.S. Significance: This victory led to the eventual re-taking of the Philippines and showed Japan’s unwillingness to surrender by using Kamikazes for the first time. Results: The U.S. won the battle and destroyed what was left of the Japanese navy.

13. Battle of Iwo Jima Date: Feb. – March. 1945 Who was involved: Japan vs. U.S. Significance: It was one of the bloodiest battles of the war and showed that the closer the U.S. was to Japan, the less likely Japan would surrender. Results: The American’s won the battle and took the island. There were nearly 25,000 American casualties and roughly 24,000 Japanese casualties.

14. Battle of Okinawa Date: April – June 1945 Who was involved: Japan vs. U.S. Significance: Like Iwo Jima, it was also a very bloody battle. This was the last obstacle to the inevitable allied invasion of the Japanese islands at the time. Results: The U.S. won the battle and took over Okinawa. Japanese pilots had flown nearly 2,000 Kamikaze attacks against the U.S. fleet.

15. Ending of The War Throughout the course of the war, the United States was getting closer and closer to Japan. As they drove closer to Japan, the more likely Japan would fight to the last man. ◦Examples of this are in the Battles of Iwo Jima and Okinawa.

17. Ending of The War F.D.R. dies before the war with Japan is over and Harry S. Truman becomes president. Truman has four choices to make in trying to end the war with Japan. ◦1.) Invade Japan ◦2.) Drop Atomic Bombs ◦3.) Demonstrate Atomic Bombs ◦4.) Naval blockade to starve japan, along with conventional bombing

18. Manhattan Project The secret project to build a nuclear bomb in the U.S. The program started in 1941 when the U.S. heard that the Nazi’s might be developing this weapon. This project was very secret. ◦Harry Truman did not know about this project until he became president. On July 16 th, 1945 the United States successfully tested their first atomic bomb. Robert Oppenheimer was the leading scientist on this project.

19. Japanese Invasion Named Operation Downfall. This invasion was planned before anybody knew about the atomic bomb. Personnel at the Navy Department estimated that the total losses to America would be between 1.7 and 4 million with 400,000 to 800,000 deaths. They also estimated that there would be up to 10 million Japanese casualties.

20. Japanese Invasion PositivesNegatives Invasion doesn’t kill 100,000’s innocent civilians. Close to a million American soldiers die. Millions of Japanese die including civilians.

21. Atomic Bomb PositivesNegatives It saves the lives of millions of American and Japanese people The bomb will kill 100,000’s of innocent civilians.

22. The Decision Truman decides to use the atomic bomb to force Japan into surrender. On August 6 th, 1945 an American B-29 bomber dropped the world’s first deployed atomic bomb over the Japanese city of Hiroshima. The explosion wiped out 90 percent of the city and immediately killed 80,000 people; tens of thousands more would later die of radiation exposure.

23. The Decision Three days later, a second B-29 dropped another A-bomb on Nagasaki, killing an estimated 40,000 people. Japan’s Emperor Hirohito announced his country’s unconditional surrender in World War II in a radio address on August 15, citing the devastating power of “a new and most cruel bomb.”