1. 1918-1939

2. * Name the US president who served during World War I and was known for his 14 Point Plan, which tried to bring stability to post war Europe. * Woodrow Wilson

3. * Name the treaty that severely punished Germany at the end of World War I * Treaty of Versailles * Did the T of V look anything like Wilson’s 14 Point plan?

4. * What global organization was created as part of the T of V which was also proposed by Wilson in his 14 Point plan? * League of Nations * What was the purpose of this organization?

5. * Name 3 punishments forced onto Germany as part of the T of V. * Reduced army/navy * No U-Boats or air force * Payment for war damages * War Guilt Clause * Loss of Land * Union with Austria forbidden

6. * Which victorious country in World War I never formally acknowledged the T of V? * United States * What do you think this tells us about the US post World War I? * Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928)

7. * The United States * What did WWI do for the US in terms of how countries around the globe viewed us? * How can we define American lifestyle during the 1920s? * Vaulted us into a “world power” * The Roaring ‘20s

8. * The United States * How did the Great Depression in the US effect the rest of the world? * America became an isolated country in an attempt to fix our own economic problems * Smoot-Hawley Tariff * Lack of support by the US causes European countries to struggle economically

9. Troops killed or wounded WWI (1914-1918)

10. * Estimated cost of WWI * Triple Entente and Allies : $125+ Billion * Triple Alliance and Allies : $60+ Billion * Germany : $37 Billion (Highest of any country) * German reparations – Approx. $402 billion in today’s $$ (Last payment made Oct. 2010)

11. * Exchange of Land * Penalties placed on Germany, A-H, Ottoman Empire, and other losing countries results in a massive European facelift * New countries like Poland, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, among others formed

14. * Changes in leadership in Germany * 1 st Reich : King William I and William II * Overthrown as part of T of V * 2 nd Reich : Weimar Republic * Gov’t created as part of T of V * Many Germans viewed the WR as traitors for agreeing to sign the treaty

15. * Europe did not experience a “Roaring ‘20s” like the US * Why? * Germany – weakened by T of V, new gov’t, forced to pay reparations * France – rebuilding after trench warfare * Italy – weak gov’t, Communist movement * England – Isolation b/c of fear of war * Russia – Isolation under new Communist leadership

16. * When the US economy collapse in 1929 what little international money that was coming to Euro countries stopped * Euro countries depressions occurred (France, England) or worsened (Italy, Germany) as a result * France, England, Italy : 20%+ unemployment * Germany : 30%+ and extreme inflation

17. * Totalitarianism * Theory of government in which a single party or leader controls all aspects of life * Dictator: strong leader with total power * One party: ruling party is the only legal political party * Strict government control of all aspects of life * business, religion, the arts, education, etc. * use of propaganda, censorship, terror, and secret police to control people * Individuals have very few freedoms * No freedom of speech, religion, press, etc.

18. * Ideas? * People wanted strong leaders to get them out of the Great Depression * Nationalism—they promised recovery and to make their countries powerful * In return for… * Absolute power * Strong military * More land

19. * Fascism * Extreme Nationalism * Charismatic Leader * Anti-Communism * Strong military * Military expansion to spread ideas * Communism * No social classes or private property * Anti-Religion * Strong government control

20. * How could the Global Depression and the post- WWI environment lead to the rise of totalitarian leaders in Europe?

21. * Military dictatorship * Collectivization * 5 year plans * Aryan Race * Military expansion * Government ownership of property * Anti-Communism * Rebuild Economy * Strengthen Military * Rid of American and European Influence * Prison camps for opposition