1. First Aid
Chapter 27

2. Stay Calm
ACT
What do I do first?

3. Help, HElp, HELp,…HELP!!! First Aid 3 C’s
The immediate, temporary care given to an ill or injured person until professional medical care can be provided.
Check the victim.
Call 911.
Care for the victim.
Good Samaritan Laws
Universal Precautions
Help, HElp, HELp,…HELP!!!

4. CHECK
CALL
Check the scene for safety
Check for Life threatening conditions
A-airway
B-breathing
C-circulation
‘s-severe bleeding
Obtain consent
How to Check
Toe to head (infant/child)
Head to Toe (adult)
Call or emergency number
Give the dispatcher
Your name
Your phone number
Location in which you are
Age of victim
Symptoms of victim
Conscious or unconscious
Ask victim
Their Name
What happened?
Where they feel pain
Any medical conditions
Are they taking any medication
CARE Care for the illness or injured person Care and treatment of the injury that you came upon When to use first aid? When to use CPR? When to move a victim?

5. Open Wounds

6. Abrasion Lacerations Punctures Avulsions Known as scrapes
Are known as cuts
Punctures
Small deep hole by sharp object
Avulsions
Skin or tissue pulled torn completely away.
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7. Burns
p. 762

8. Types of Burns

9. CPR & Choking emergencies
Chapter 27 Lesson 2

10. Chain of Survival Call Emergency Medical Services CPR Defibrillation
Advanced Care

11. CPR is a first aid procedure that combines rescue breathing and chest compressions to supply oxygen to the body until normal body functions can resume.
CPR

12. Are you okay?

13. No Response.
Call 911
Begin CPR Steps
CPR ratio 30:2
Adult CPR

14. Infant and Child CPR (0-11 years)
No Response.
Check Breathing. If needed, perform 2 minutes of rescue breathing.
Call 911
Infant and Child CPR (0-11 years)

15. First Aid For Choking Adult/Child Infant Hold infant upside down
(updated)
Stand Behind
Arm across chest
5 back blows
Five abdominal thrusts
Infant
Hold infant upside down
5 gentle back blows
5 chest thrusts (using 2-3 fingers)
First Aid For Choking

16. Shock is a life threatening condition in which the heart is NOT delivering an adequate supply of blood to the body.
Symptoms of Shock
Cold clammy skin, may appear pale or ashen.
Weak, rapid pulse and altered breathing
Dull, staring eyes, which ay have dilated pupils
Faintness, weakness, confusion, or loss of consciousness
First Aid for Shock

17. RESPONDING TO OTHER COMMON EMERGENCIES
Lesson 3

18. Muscle and Joint Injuries
Sprains is an injury to the ligament around the joint.
Strains are tears in a muscle.
Treatment for minor injuries
P.R.I.C.E
P-protect
R-Rest
I-Ice
C-Compress
E-Elevate
Muscle and Joint Injuries

19. A separation of a bone from its normal position in a joint.
Fractures
Break in the bone
Dislocations
A separation of a bone from its normal position in a joint.
Injuries to the BONES

20. UNCONSCIOUSNESS STEPS FOR TREATMENT
Is the condition of not being alert or aware of your surroundings.
STEPS FOR TREATMENT
Call 9-1-1
Check breathing
Be prepared for CPR if necessary.
UNCONSCIOUSNESS

21. FAINTING STEPS FOR TREATMENT Try to prevent the fall.
Is the temporary loss of consciousness that occurs when not enough blood is flowing to the brain.
STEPS FOR TREATMENT
Try to prevent the fall.
Lay on ground
Loosen tight clothing
If vomits roll on side
If does NOT regain consciousness within minutes…CALL 9-1-1
FAINTING

22. CONCUSSION STEPS FOR TREATMENT Suspect with any head injury
Is a jarring injury to the brain that can cause unconsciousness.
STEPS FOR TREATMENT
Suspect with any head injury
Call for ALL cases
Have them lie down
Use first aid to prevent bleeding
If suspect head neck back injury-avoiding movement
CONCUSSION

23. ANIMAL BITES TREATMENT Wash the bite area
Can transmit rabies, if not treated immediately.
Should be treated as an open wound.
TREATMENT
Wash the bite area
Apply pressure to stop bleeding
Apply antibiotic ointment and sterile dressing
ANIMAL BITES

24. NOSEBLEEDS TREATMENT Sit down Can occur after an injury
When very dry air causes lining of nose to be irritated.
TREATMENT
Sit down
Pinch the soft part of the nose with thumb and finger(5-10min)
Lean slightly forward
NEVER LEAN BACK
If still doesn’t stop may need to use pressure point in the mouth.
NOSEBLEEDS

25. Any substance that causes injury, illness, or death when it enters the body. Can be a solid, liquid or a gas.
TREATMENT
If suspect call poison control center
Don’t wait for symptoms to start call right away.
POISONING

26. Emergency Preparedness
LESSON 4

27. Severe Thunderstorms Watch
Produce Heavy rain and are accompanied by lightening, strong winds, and sometime (hail and tornadoes)
Watch
Severe weather possible
Warning
Severe weather been observed or expected soon.
Lightening 30/30 rule
Severe Thunderstorms

28. Is a powerful storm that generally forms in tropical areas, producing winds of at least 74 miles per hour.
Cause
Major flooding
Flying debris
Property damage
Usually evacuated
Hurricanes

29. Tornados SIGNS Darkened or greenish skies
A whirling, funnel-shaped windstorm that causes destruction as it advances along the ground in a narrow path
SIGNS
Darkened or greenish skies
Hailstorm that produces large hail
A large, dark, low-lying cloud that may be rotating.
A loud roar like a freight train
Tornados

30. Winter Storms TO PROTECT
Severe can block roads, power lines knocked down and cause floods. Blizzard: a snowstorm with winds that reach 35 miles an hour or more.
TO PROTECT
Stay indoors
Wear layers that repel water. Hat scarfs, mittens
Frostbite signs/hypothermia
Avoid driving
Winter Storms

31. Floods Return after safe
Flash Floods are floods in which a dangerous volume of water builds up in a short amount of time
Return after safe
Clean and disinfect everything that got wet.
Drink bottled water.
Floods

32. Earthquakes WHAT TO DO Inside drop to ground, under table
Is a series of vibrations in the earth caused by a sudden movement of the earth’s crust.
WHAT TO DO
Inside drop to ground, under table
Outdoors stay clear of buildings, trees, power lines
In car stop car and stay inside avoid stopping by buildings, trees, power lines.
Earthquakes

33. Wildfires Can create a safe zone by there house.
Occur most likely in dry regions
Can create a safe zone by there house.
Free of vegetation around the house
If spot report it. Call 9-1-1
Then evacuate.
Wildfires

34. Survival Kits 3 day supply of food Water Battery radio/television
Set of items you will need in an emergency situation
3 day supply of food
Water
Battery radio/television
Change of clothing
Sleeping bags
First aid supplies
Important documents
Money
Survival Kits