1. The River You know a dream is like a river Ever changing as it flows And the dreamer's just the vessel That must follow where it goes Trying to learn from what's behind you And never knowing what's in store Makes each day a constant battle Just to stay between the shores.

2. Sonnet A poem of fourteen lines that deals with one central idea, metaphor, or image.

3. English or ShakespeareanItalian or Petrarchan aa b quatrain b a b ba octave c a d quatrainb c b d a e quatrainc f turn takes placed sestet e e turn takes fcplace g coupletd g e

4. William Shakespeare Sonnet 29 p. 392 When, in disgrace with Fortune and men’s eyes, I all alone beweep my outcast state, And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries, And look upon myself and curse my fate Wishing me like to one more rich in hope, Featured like him, like him with friends possessed, Desiring this man’s art, and that man’s scope, With what I most enjoy contented least; Yet in these thoughts myself almost despising, Haply I think on thee, and then my state, Like to the lark at break of day arising From sullen earth, sings hymns at heaven’s gate; For thy sweet love remembered such wealth brings That I scorn to change my state with kings.

5. Sonnet 29 Vocabulary: bootless-useless;futile scope-power lark-bird scorn-refuse; reject Background: Even famous writers have their bad days. Turn: Line 9 “Yet in these thoughts… Thesis: The speaker feels depressed, but states that his love brings him joy. Figurative Lang.- Fortune is personified Simile- “like to the lark”

6. William Shakespeare Sonnet 73 p. 396 That time of year thou mayst in me behold When yellow leaves, or none, or few, do hang Upon those boughs which shake against the cold, Bare ruined choirs where late the sweet birds sang. In me thou see’st the twilight of such day As after sunset fadeth in the west, Which by and by black night doth take away, Death’s second self, that seals up all in rest. In me thou see’st the glowing of such fire, That on the ashes of his youth doth lie As the deathbed whereon it must expire, Consumed with that which it was nourished by. This thou perceivest, which makes thy love more strong, To love that well which thou must leave ere long.

7. Sonnet 73 Vocabulary: Bare ruined choirs – where services are held, expire-die or come to an end Background: Speaker is growing older and each quatrain creates a metaphor for aging. Turn: Line 9 “In me thou see’st the twilight of such day…” Thesis: An aging man reflects on his impending death which makes him even dearer to his younger lover. Figurative Lang.- Imagery – “boughs which shake against the cold,” “twilight of such day,” “glowing of such fire” 4 metaphors for aging: AUTUMN, TWILIGHT, RUINS, and a DYING FIRE

8. Sonnet 116 William Shakespeare p. 397 Let me not to the marriage of true minds Admit impediments. Love is not love Which alters when it alteration finds, Or bends with the remover to remove. Oh no! It is an ever-fixed mark That looks on tempests and is never shaken. It is the star to every wandering bark, Whose worth’s unknown, although his height be taken. Love’s not time’s fool, though rosy lips and cheeks Within his bending sickle’s compass come Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks, But bears it out even to the edge of doom. If this be error and upon me proved, I never writ, nor no man ever loved.

9. Sonnet 116 Vocabulary: impediments-obstacles, ever-fixed mark- a guide to sailors, tempest-storm bark-boat, compass-range, reach, bears it out - survives Background: Impediments was a word taken from the wedding ceremony. S. asserts that true love is firm against impediments. Turn: Line 13 Speaker shows his confidence of his assertion. Thesis: Love stands constant despite the passage of time or the fading of beauty. Figurative Lang.- Allusion- time is portrayed as a grim reaper who cuts down youth. Personification – “Love is not time’s fool”

10. Sonnet 130 William Shakespeare p. 398 My mistress’ eyes are nothing like the sun, Coral is far more red than her lips’ red. If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun, If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head. I have seen roses damasked, red and white, Burt no such roses see I in her cheeks. And in some perfumes is there more delight Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks, I love to hear her speak, yet well I know That music hath a far more pleasing sound. I grant I never saw a goddess go, My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground. And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare As any she belied with false compare.

11. Sonnet 130 Vocabulary: dun-dull damasked-streaked in two colors, reek-has a strong, bad smell, belied- misrepresented Background: S. ridicules the exaggerated metaphors used to describe the women they loved. Ex. “Your cheeks are like roses” “Lips like rubies” Turn: Line 11 “I grant I never saw a goddess go...” Thesis: This sonnet affirms his love is an ordinary mortal and his dislike of overused expressions that describe women. Figurative Lang.- Conceit – “eyes like the sun”

12. Death be not proud, though some have called thee Mighty and dreadful, for, thou art not so, For, those, whom thou think'st, thou dost overthrow, Die not, poor death, nor yet canst thou kill me. From rest and sleep, which but thy pictures be, Much pleasure, then from thee, much more must flow, And soonest our best men with thee do go, Rest of their bones, and soul’s delivery. Thou art slave to Fate, Chance, kings, and desperate men, And dost with poison, war, and sickness dwell, And poppy, or charms can make us sleep as well, And better then thy stroke; why swell'st thou then? One short sleep past, we wake eternally, And death shall be no more; death, thou shalt die. Death Be Not Proud – Divine Sonnet X John Donne p. 301

13. Death Be Not Proud (Sonnet X) p. 301 Vocabulary: poppy – opium charms – magic dreadful - terrible Background: Part of Donne’s sonnet collection called the Holy Sonnets which was published two years after his death. Donne was a minister. Turn: Line 12 “And better than thy stroke...” (Italian) Thesis: The speaker sneers at Death, because the soul never actually dies and is delivered in Death to eternal life. Figurative Lang.- Apostrophe: “Death be not proud” Imagery – rest and sleep which but thy pictures be - Personification of death throughout the sonnet. Paradox – Death be not proud.

14. Gather ye Rose-buds while ye may, Old Time is still a flying: And this same flower that smiles to day, To morrow will be dying. The glorious Lamp of Heaven, the Sun, The higher he's a getting; The sooner will his Race be run, And neerer he's to Setting. That Age is best, which is the first, When Youth and Blood are warmer; But being spent, the worse, and worst Then be not coy, but use your time; And while ye may, goe marry: For having lost but once your prime, You may for ever tarry.

15. To the Virgins, to Make Much of Time p. 284 Vocabulary: still – always; coy-cold, inaccessible, aloof; tarry-delay, linger Background: Herrick is addressing all “virgins” or young women in this “carpe diem” poem. Rhyme: abab, cdcd, efef, ghgh Thesis: Young women should seek marriage and “seize the day” of opportunity while they are living. Figurative Lang.- Personification – “Old Time is still a- flying.” Metaphor- sun – “glorious lamp of heaven” Imagery- “gather rosebuds while ye may” suggests beauty and youth but also must eventually die.

16. The Passionate Shepherd to His Love p. 278 Background- This poem is a PASTORAL (depicts rustic life in idealized terms. Originally these were about shepherds and rustic life. Does not mention negative aspects) Thesis: A young shepherd tries to woo his lover with all that she will enjoy by choosing him to love. Figurative Lang.- Refrain Imagery- gown of finest wool and slippers with gold buckles, a cap of flowers, and a belt of straw What’s not there in his plea: all the hardships associated with a shepherd’s life.