2. Catalyst – March 3+22, 2013 SCRAPBOOK PAGE 2 HW OUT! Monday Mystery Element! 1. Named after a Greek word meaning “bearer of light” 2. Discovered by boiling down urine 3. 2 forms: red (reactive) and white

3. Catalyst – March 3+22, 2013 Monday Mystery Element! 1. Named after a Greek word meaning “bearer of light” 2. Discovered by boiling down urine 3. 2 forms: red (reactive) and white

4. mystery element… Phosphorus White phosphorus combusts in air Chemiluminescence 20% of the body is Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 Similar to Nitrogen

6. Today’s Agenda  Catalyst  Chemistry Prom 2013 Day 3: Replacement Reactions!  Practice and Work Time  Dancing Skits!!!!  Exit Question WE BE BURNING TOMORROW! HW: FINISH WORKSHEET

7. Today’s Agenda  Catalyst  Decomposition!  Chemistry Prom 2013 Day 3: Replacement Reactions!  Practice and Work Time  Exit Question WE BE BURNING TOMORROW! HW: SCRAPBOOK PAGE 3

8. Today’s Objectives  SWBAT describe and differentiate between single-replacement and double-replacement reactions.  SWBAT predict the products of single- replacement and double-replacement reactions.

9. Chemistry Prom Events  Interpret and write chemical equations  Learn 5 types of chemical reactions  Dancing (Chemistry Hood style!)  Crown a Chemistry Prom King and Queen from each class  Remember Chemistry Prom with a Scrapbook and use it to take a Quiz on Wednesday, March 27 th !

10. Chemistry Prom King and Queen Eligibility Requirements  No unexcused absences  Must complete all homework and classwork  Must dance at least once  Cannot abuse electronic devices or sleep in class

11. What You Missed Last Week  Definition of chemical reaction  How to write word and skeleton equations with phase notations  Dancing…fo sho!  Definition of SYNTHESIS/COMBINATION and DECOMPOSITION reactions  Finding your chemical date on the dance floor

12. I don’t think this is working out… Key Point #2: A DECOMPOSITION REACTION is one in which _one_ __substance__ breaks down into __multiple__ __substances__, usually with the help of some kind of heat or energy.  General Equation: AB  A + B  A couple at the Chemistry Prom decides to break up

13. Ammonium Dichromate (NH 4 ) 2 Cr 2 O 7 (s) → Cr 2 O 3 (s) + N 2 (g) + 4 H 2 O (g)

14. I don’t think this is working out…  Decomposition reaction – one substance breaks into multiple substances  A couple decides…well it is time to break up  AB  A + B I don’t think this is right for us… I want to see other people Satisfaction!

15. Practice  Show the decomposition of water after electricity has passed through it.  What are the reactants? Water! H 2 O  What are the products? It’s a decomposition reaction, so we know the elements in water are going to break apart The question will specify if any compounds are formed H 2 O  H + O DIATOMIC ALERT! H 2 + O 2

16. Practice 1. With Ms. Stroh: Write the chemical equation for the decomposition of Na 2 S. 2. On your own: Write the chemical equation for the decomposition of VF 3.

17. More Practice!  Which reactions are DECOMPOSITION reactions? A. C + O 2  CO 2 B. CaO + H 2 O  Ca(OH) 2 C. H 2 O  H 2 + O 2 D. H 2 SO 4  H 2 + S + 2O 2 E. Fe + CuSO 4  FeSO 4 + Cu F. K 3 PO 4  K 3 P + 2O 2 C, D and F

18. LET’S GET ON THE DANCE FLOOR!  Find your date!  Do so by finding the person that matches your part of a chemical equation  If you have reactant(s), look for products(s)  If you have product(s), look for reactant(s)  Use arrows to help you figure out who you match up with

19. Review! 1. Identify the following reactions as synthesis or decomposition:  HNO 3  H 2 + N 2 + O 2  AB + C  ACB 2. Write the chemical equation for the decomposition of solid magnesium oxide.

20. Single and Double Replacement Reactions

21. Chemical Reactions  There are 5 types of chemical hook- ups (reactions) at the prom this year. 1. Synthesis 2. Decomposition 3. Single-Replacement 4. Double-Replacement 5. Combustion

22. Drama on the Dance Flo!  Key Point #1: A SINGLE-REPLACEMENT REACTION is one in which a single element replaces a similar element in a compound  General Equation: A + BX  AX + B  A couple is dancing, and someone else cuts in HOMEWRECKER!

23. Single-Replacement in Action Example: Zn + CuCl 2  Zn Cl Cu + A + BX  AX + B Cl Zn Cu +

24. Single-Replacement Practice 1. Predict the products of the reaction between solid calcium and aqueous silver (I) nitrate. Write the reactants first. Then, write the products. Ag + Ca(NO 3 ) 2 Ca + AgNO 3  Must Kriss Kross to get the correct formulas!

25. Reactivity in the mix!  Will a single-replacement reaction ALWAYS take place?  Will there ALWAYS be cut-in drama on the dance flo?  No, you have to check the reactivity series of metals and halogens

26. Reactivity in the mix!  A metal will NOT ALWAYS replace another metal in a compound  Reactivity is a substance’s ability to react with another substance  The most active metals are on the top of the list on page 361 (regular Chemistry book)  More active metals will replace less active metals  Example: Ag (s) + Ca(NO 3 ) 2 (aq)  NO RXN!

27.  Metals near the top are most reactive and will displacing metals near the bottom. Q: Which of these will react? 1. Fe + CuSO 4  2. Ni + NaCl  3. Li + ZnCO 3  4. Al + CuCl 2  Cu + Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 Yes, Fe is above Cu NR (no reaction) No, Ni is below Na Zn + Li 2 CO 3 Cu + AlCl 3 Yes, Al is above Cu K Na Li Ca Mg Al Zn Fe Ni Sn Pb H Cu Hg Ag Au Yes, Li is above Zn Reactivity Series

28. Reactivity of Halogens  The same goes for halogens  More active halogens will replace less active halogens  Most active halogen = F  Q: Which of these will react? F 2 (g) + NaBr (aq)  I 2 (g) + KCl (aq)  F Cl Br I Yes, F is above Br NaF (aq) + Br 2 (l) NR (no reaction) No, I is below Cl

29. Example Problems Write down the following reactants. Then, predict the products of the reactions. 1. Fe + CuSO 4  2. Br 2 + MgCl 2  3. Mg + AlCl 3  K Na Li Ca Mg Al Zn Fe Ni Sn Pb H Cu Hg Ag Au F Cl Br I

31. Swing Fever! Key Point #2: A DOUBLE- REPLACEMENT REACTION is one in which ions switch places. You must KRISS-KROSS to write ALL formulas!  General Equation: AX + BY  AY + BX  Two couples are dancing and decide to switch partners!

32. Double-Replacement in Action Example: MgO + CaS AX + BY  AY + BX S O  Mg Ca + O S Mg Ca +

33. Double-Replacement Practice 1. Predict the products of the reaction between silver (I) nitrate and lithium phosphide. Write the reactants first. Then, write the products. LiNO 3 + AgI AgNO 3 + Li 3 P  Must Kriss Kross to get the correct formulas!

34. Classwork  Complete the worksheet  Turn into folder when done  Then, work on replacement dancing skits  We all want performers before class ends!!!!!

35. Classwork Answers 1. DR 2. SR 3. SR 4. DR 5. SR 6. DR 7. DR 8. K + ZnCl 2  Zn + KCl Potassium and zinc (II) chloride react to produce zinc and potassium chloride. 8. Cl 2 + HF  NO REACTION Elemental chlorine and hydrogen fluoride do not react. 8. Na + FePO 4  Fe and Na 3 PO 4 Sodium metal and irone (III) phosphate yield iron metal and sodium phosphate.

36. Classwork Answers 11. BaCl 2 (aq) + K 2 CO 3 (aq)  BaCO 3 (s) + KCl (aq) 12. Na 3 PO 4 (aq) + Pb(NO 3 ) 2 (aq)  Pb 3 (PO 4 ) 2 (s) + NaNO 3 (aq) 13. Answers will vary. 14. a. Cl 2 + NaBr  NO REACTION 15. NH 3  N 2 + H 2 16. Na + O 2  Na 2 O 17. Mg 2 S + HOH  Mg(OH) 2 + K 2 S

37. Let’s think about the positive and the negative…cations and anions AX + BY  AY + BX A and B are cations (positively charged) X and Y are anions (negatively charged) You can see the anions have switched places and are now bonded to the other cations in the reaction

38. PRACTICE!  White Textbook, Page 377  #s 40, 41  White Textbook, Page 378  #s 49, 50  DON’T WORRY ABOUT BALANCING!!!! K Na Li Ca Mg Al Zn Fe Ni Sn Pb H Cu Hg Ag Au F Cl Br I

39. HW Part THREE  Create Page 3 of your Chemistry Prom Scrapbook  BE CREATIVE!!!!  It should include ALL of the following:  Definition and general equation for single-replacement and double-replacement reactions  One reaction story for single-replacement  One reaction story for double-replacement  One picture for single-replacement  One picture for double-replacement

40. Exit Question 1. What are the 4 types of chemical reactions we have learned about so far at Chemistry Prom? 2. Will the following reaction occur? Why or why not? Ni + AuBr 3  NiBr 2 + Au HW: FINISH WORKSHEET K Na Li Ca Mg Al Zn Fe Ni Sn Pb H Cu Hg Ag Au