1. Organisation The Prison Service is part of the administrative branch of the Ministry of Justice:  Criminal Policy Department of the Ministry of Justice: strategic guidance of the administrative branch  Criminal Sanctions Agency: guidance and direction of activities  Prison Service: consists of five district units and a national health care unit  The Criminal Sanctions Agency is also in charge of the direction of the Probation Service and the joint enforcement and administrative duties of the field  Training Institute of Prison and Probation Services is in charge of the basic and further education of the field

3. Principles of prison administration The goals of the Prison Service are:  to contribute to the security of the society by maintaining a lawful and safe system of enforcement of sentences  to assist in reducing recidivism and preventing the development of social exclusion which maintains criminality Sentences are enforced so that  the enforcement is safe for the society, the convict and the personnel  the possibilities of the prisoners to cope in society and maintain their welfare by honest means is supported  the abilities of prisoners to adopt a life without crime is improved

4. Prison Service Responsible for the enforcement and development of prison sentences:  Enforces the prison sentences and conversion sentences for unpaid fines imposed by courts as well as remand imprisonment  Consists of five district prisons and a national health care unit  Lead by the Director General of the Prison Service who is also the head of the Criminal Sanctions Agency

6. Five district prisons  District Prison of Southern Finland, location in Riihimäki  District Prison of Western Finland, location in Turku  District Prison of Southeastern Finland, location in Mikkeli  District Prison of Eastern Finland, location in Kuopio  District Prison of Northern Finland, location in Oulu

8. District prison  consists of an assessment and allocation unit and prisons  duties include enforcement of prison sentences and realisation of the imprisonment process  directs and develops the work of the assessment and allocation unit and the prisons  ensures that the work is lawful, practical and uniform  joint duties include, e.g., food services and prison transfers

10. Prison Health Care Services  A national, administratively independent unit  Basic health care is divided into five district health care units based on the district prison model and the units can consist of one or more polyclinics  Medicine Dispensary is in Hämeenlinna Prison  Prison Hospital is in Hämeenlinna  Prison Mental Hospital is in Turku  A hospital in Vantaa has 15 beds  Health care is an essential part of the imprisonment process

12. Institutions Closed institutions:  Remand prisoners, sentenced prisoner, and those serving conversion sentences for unpaid fines Open institutions:  Independent open prisons  Open units subject to closed institutions  Open work colonies  For prisoners who participate in activities and pose no risk of escaping  Commitment to abstinence  Prisoners get paid for work and they pay taxes The Prison Hospital and the Prison Mental Hospital are national units

13. Imprisonment process  Imprisonment is a planned process consisting of arrival and allocation phase, serving the sentence, and release  In the assessment and allocation unit, prisoners receive a detailed plan of the sentence term, which is based on a risk and needs assessment  The sentence plan enhances prisoners motivation and commitment as well as increases co-operation between authorities and improves communication  Aims to help prisoners to live without crime and promote their reintegration into the society

14. Prison sentences Unconditional prison sentence: for fixed term or life  Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment can also be released on parole based on a decision of Helsinki Court of Appeal  Fixed term sentence is 14 days in minimum and 12 years in maximum Conversion sentence for unpaid fine  Unpaid fine may be converted into unconditional prison sentence Conditional prison sentence: the sentence is under two years  Probationary period of 1 to 3 years; if the convict commits another offence during the probationary period, the conditional sentence may have to be served in prison  Over a half of prison sentences are imposed as conditional Release on parole  A convict sentenced to imprisonment may be released on parole when 2/3 or, in the case of first timers, half of the sentence has been served  Parolees may be ordered to supervision for the probationary period; the Probation Service is in charge of the supervision

15. Enforcement of prison sentence Court Judgement register system Warrant of apprehension Judicial Unit of the Criminal Sanctions Agency Examines enforceability Assessment and allocation unit -Prison Enforcement order Enforcement officer Complying with Not complying with Postponement

16. Principal offences of sentenced prisoners (1 May) * In 2005, property offences include robbery, theft, and other property offences *

17. Times in prison of sentenced prisoners Annual prisoner structure survey (1 May)

18. Prison population

19. Prison capacity according to districts in 2006 and 2007

20. Prison terms (1 May) The lengths of prison terms of released prisoners yearly

21. Prisoners’ use of time in 2007  Prisoners are obliged to work, participate in education or in other activities.  Prisoners’ working and functioning capacity are assessed together with them  The aim is to develop prisoners’ vocational skills and life management and to promote their possibilities to cope in society.

22. Work activity in 2007 - About 34% of the average daily prison population are working daily.

23. Education in 2007  Education is arranged together with the nearby educational institutions  On certain conditions, it is also possible to study outside the institution - About 9% of prisoners study daily

24. Rehabilitation 2007 In 2007, 2 666 prisoners participated in a programme.  Informing and motivating substance programmes  Substance rehabilitation programmes  Persons allocated to a substance treatment and rehabilitation institution  Other social rehabilitation  Activity programmes - Targeted substance and activity programmes

25. Substance rehabilitation 90 % have substance use problems. In prison, they are given a chance to live in an substance-free environment and start a new life without substances. The Prison Service substance abuse strategy:  preventing the supply of substances and related criminality  preventing the demand for substances  preventing the harms caused by substance abuse  ensuring further rehabilitation in the home municipality of the prisoner An individual rehabilitation continuum until release can be formed from the substance programmes provided by prisons  In 2007, 705 prisoners participated in rehabilitation

26. Health care Imprisonment may not cause harm to health  Each prison has a nurse and a doctor  Prison Hospital has 68 beds for hospital treatment  Prison Mental Hospital (40 beds) and the hospital in Vantaa prison (15 beds) treat prisoners with psychiatric disorders  Prevention of infectious diseases (HIV + hepatitis): health education and protective measures  Treatment of substance use problems: health education and guidance to treatment Survey in 2002:  Traumatic use of or dependence on drugs 46 %  Alcohol dependence39 %  Psychiatric disorder requiring treatment39 %  Hepatitis C/B or HIV30 %

27. Leisure time in 2007

28. Contacts outside  Prisoners can be granted a permission to phone outside the institution; calls with own telephone cards during telephone hours  Correspondence is allowed  Visits during visiting hours in visiting facilities  In the case of family members, visits may also be allowed without supervision (=family visits) Prison leave  Within certain conditions after half of the sentence has been served  Three days in maximum during a period of two months  In general, the prison director grants the prison leave  In 2007, 15 325 prison leaves were applied, 11 166 were granted (73%)  In 94% of the leaves, the conditions were not breached

29. Prison leaves

30. Discipline in 2007 A disciplinary punishment may be imposed for disciplinary infractions. In 2007, a total of 1222 disciplinary punishment s were imposed. A prisoner in an open institution may be transferred to a closed institution. For aggravated violations, a report of offence is made to the police

31. Personnel in 2007 - In 2007, the Prison Service employed 2818 full time officials.

32. Finances in 2007  Prison Service expenses € 181 million/year  3/5 used on the wages of the personnel  Rents to the Senate Real Estate € 28,6 million/year  Cost of a prison day 141 € Criminal sanctions field