1. anaphora (rhetorical figure) Exact repetition of words or phrases at the beginning of successive lines or sentences for emphasis. Example: “I have a dream that one day… “ – Martin Luther King. Example: We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender… - Winston Churchill Literary Devices – THREE

2. anadiplosis (closely related to anaphora) A word or phrase from the end of one sentence is repeated at the beginning or very near the beginning of the next sentence. Her hair rose on the nape of her neck, the cold, prickly fingers of fear reaching around her throat. Her throat constricted, choking her scream into a croaking cry for help. Her ring sparkled in the sunlight of the glorious day. The glorious day that signified the end of her misery and the beginning of a new life. Examples:

3. enjambment French for “striding over” or straddling. A poetic expression where an idea spans more than one line of verse. A continuation of a complete idea (a sentence or clause) from one line of a poem to the next line without a pause. Enjambment can evoke feelings of confusion, disorder, or urgency. A thing of beauty is a joy forever: Its loveliness increases; it will never Pass into nothingness but still will keep A bower quiet for us, and asleep Full of sweet dreams, and health, and quiet breathing. - from Keats’ Endymion Lines 2, 3 and 4 are enjambed. Example:

4. idiom A word or phrase that cannot be literally defined; it is a figure of speech, in which its meaning can only be defined with particular knowledge. His yelling only added fuel to the fire. Examples: That movie we saw the other night was a laugh a minute. They told me it was all in my head, but I’m sure I saw Bigfoot mowing the neighbor’s lawn.

5. foil A character that contrasts with the protagonist in order to emphasize the protagonist’s personality traits. Examples: Han Solo (gritty) is the foil to Luke Skywalker (idealistic) in Star Wars Draco Malfoy and Ronald Weasley are foils to Harry Potter Tybalt and Mercutio are Romeo’s foils in Romeo and Juliet Gollum is Frodo’s foil in The Lord of the Rings

6. mood Can be synonymous with either tone or atmosphere. The author’s mood (tone) might be one of negativity in a literary piece. The author creates a mood (atmosphere) that is negative.