1. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security U.S. Coast Guard Search and Rescue

2. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security Search & Rescue is Our Highest Frequency, Highest Consequence Mission 11 Statutory CG Missions Continually vie for Prominence & Resources Life & Death Decisions 9 Rescue Coordination Centers & 37 Sector Command Centers Average 1 SAR Case Per Day 2015 CG Performance: 17,325 Search & Rescue Cases 3,906 Lives Saved (79.8%) $432 Million in Property Saved 2

3. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security Search & Rescue History  1848: U.S. Life-Saving Service Created within Treasury Dept  1915: Revenue Cutter Service combined with the U.S. Lifesaving Service to create the U.S. Coast Guard  1967: CG moved to DOT  2003: Coast Guard moved to DHS 3

4. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security Semper Paratus – “Always Ready” No Other Agency, At Any Level of Government, Maintains the Degree of Readiness Required for High-Risk Maritime Distress Response National SAR Response Standard: CG First Responders arrive on scene ≤ 2 Hours: Launch < 30 Minutes Transit < 90 Minutes CG Cutters, Boats & Aircraft Maintain Immediate Readiness to Satisfy This Standard National Response Standard Mission Planning & Prep Operational Risk Management Overarching Assumption 4

5. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security International Obligations & Commitments 5  CG International Search & Rescue Credibility  International Maritime Organization – CG Leadership  Navigation, Communications & SAR Subcommittee  IMO-ICAO Joint Working Group on SAR  Maritime Search & Rescue Convention  Safety of Life At Sea Convention  Global Maritime Distress & Safety System  International Maritime Rescue Federation

6. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security International Obligations & Commitments 6  International Civil Aviation Organization  Convention of International Civil Aviation (Annex 12 – Search & Rescue)  Global Aeronautical Distress & Safety System  ICAO Assembly  ICAO Regional Search & Rescue Support  International Aeronautical & Maritime Search & Rescue Manual (IAMSAR)

7. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security 7

8. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security Congressional Intent 8  14 U.S.C. 2 - Primary Statutory Authority  “CG shall develop, establish, maintain & operate Search & Rescue facilities & may render aid to distressed persons & protect & save property on & under the high seas & waters subject to the jurisdiction of the United States”  SAR Mission is Permissive in Nature  Held to the Same Standard of Care as Any Good Samaritan Assisting Persons in Distress

9. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security Congressional Intent 9  14 U.S.C. 88 Authorizes any & all acts necessary to rescue & aid persons, & to protect & save property. (i.e. In-Land Search & Rescue)  14 U.S.C. 141 Authority to Use CG Resources to Assist Other Federal & State Entities.  14 U.S.C. 674 CG Boat Stations Shall Maintain At Least One Vessel that is Fully Capable of Performing Offshore Rescue Ops within the Station's Area of Responsibility

10. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security Return on SAR Investment 10  2014 DoT Statistical Value of Life = $9.2 Million  3,906 Lives X $9.2 Million = $35.9 Billion!  Lives Assisted (25,661) X $100 = $2.6 Million  $432 Million in Property  CG FY15 Budget = $10+ Billion!

11. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security SAR Facilities: Boats 11  29’ Response Boat Small (RB-S)  45’ Response Boat Medium (RB-M)  52’ Special Purpose Craft – Heavy Weather (SPC-HWX)  47’ Motor Lifeboat (MLB)  42’ Special Purpose Craft – Near Shore Lifeboat (SPC-NLB)  24’ Special Purpose Craft - Shallow Water (SPC-SW)  22’ Special Purpose Craft – Airboat (SPC-AIR)

12. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security SAR Facilities: Aircraft 12  MH-65 Dolphin  MH-60 Jayhawk  HC-130 Hercules  HC-144 Casa  C-27  Rescue Swimmers  CG Auxiliary Air

13. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security SAR Facilities: Cutters 13  Excellent Off-Shore SAR Capability  Greater On-Scene Endurance  On Scene Coordinator  Assumes Proximity to Incident  Patrol Boats

14. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security Command Centers 14  Search & Rescue Planning & Coordination  9 Internationally-Recognized District Rescue Coordination Centers (RCC)  37 Sector Command Centers  Geographic Considerations  Span of Control  Local Knowledge  SAR Communications (VHF Guard, 406 MHz, etc.)

15. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security Search & Rescue Technology 15  Rescue-21 VHF RDF  Search & Rescue Optimal Planning System (SAROPS)  Probability of Survival Decision Aid (PSDA)  Night Vision Devices  Radar (R/W & F/W)  Electro Optical Sensor System  Organic & National Technical Means

16. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security How is the Incident Classified?  Uncertainty – Unclear Whether a Mariner Requires Assistance  Alert – Apprehension Regarding the Mariner’s Safety  Distress – grave & imminent danger What assistance is required?  Towing  Dewatering  Medical Assistance  Firefighting  Rescue 16

17. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security Search Progress & Conclusion  Success – Locate & Rescue  Success – Locate & Recover  Suspend – Unlocated / Unrecoverable Active Search Suspension  High Search Area Confidence  Probability of Successful Outcome Exhausted  Magnitude of Search & Search Conditions 17

18. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security SAROPS Where Did Distress Occur?  Where Will Search Object Be When SAR Forces Arrive On Scene? Search Object Characteristics  Leeway - Winds  Water Current  Drift Modeling  Self-Locating Datum Marker Search Optimization  Probability of Success 18

19. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security A Tale of a Whale & Three Divers Created by LT K. Edes, Sector Honolulu

20. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security 3 Divers Last Seen 1000… Operator of a 20‘ cuddy cabin IVO Penguin Bank phoned in. Diving with 3 friends when the boat starting drifting away 3 friends waited while the reporting source retrieved the boat R/S returned to find 3 friends missing! R/S searched for ~ 90 minutes prior to calling the USCG. 16 NM 19 NM

21. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security Estimated Location of Divers After MH-65 Search A-1 All 3 divers reported to be excellent swimmers (17 YOM, 30 YOM, 40 YOM) All wearing wet suits - Camouflage! 2-3’ Seas, 6-8 Knot winds, Unlimited visibility. = Estimate d location of divers after 1.75 hrs.

22. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security Estimated Location of Divers After MH-65 Search A-2 SCC is running patterns based on EDS data & its SW drift. Awaiting response fm C-130-deployed SLDMB. R1716, R6579 & R45619 O/S. CGC AHI en route. = Estimate d location of divers after 4 hrs.

23. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security Search Patterns When Divers Located by R45619 (+ 6 Hrs) RBM pattern shifted SE (blue) based on SE SLDMB drift Divers located on last track leg. SLDMB #38921 Divers Locate d

24. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security Subsequent Searches  Had the divers not been located, subsequent searches were planned utilizing HC-130, MH-65, & the RBM IAW the SLDMB drift.  All subsequent searches covered the PIW location.

25. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security Can You See Me Now???

26. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security How About Now???

27. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security And Our Divers... Divers spotted both the HC-130 & MH-65 but were unable to signal them. They encountered whales, tiger sharks & dehydration but were delivered home safely. If not for the crew of R45619 & the SCC, this story may have been vastly different.

28. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security CG Search & Rescue Partners 28  Canada (CGD1, CGD9, CGD13, CGD17)  Mexico (CGD11, CGD8)  Department of Defense (USN, USAF)  Commercial Assistance Industry  Federal, State & Local Public Safety Agencies  Citizen Volunteers (Good Samaritan)

29. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security AMVER (Automated Mutual Assistance Vessel Rescue System) 29  Sponsored by the Coast Guard, existing since 1958  Computer-Based Voluntary Global Ship Reporting System  20K Ships Are Enrolled in Amver Fm 100+ Nations On any given day there are over 7,000 vessels available to divert and assist in a distress situation.

30. United States Coast Guard U.S. Department of Homeland Security QUESTIONS? 30