1. FOR NORTH AMERICA CAPACITY BUILDING UPDATE TO THE CDC!

2. OVERVIEW 1.From the North American Plant Protection Level 2. Specific focused activities Pest Risk Analysis Course Plant Health Systems Analysis Course 3. International Collaboration-Model for the Future

3. CAPACITY BUILDING FROM THE NORTH AMERICAN PLANT PROTECTION ORGANIZATION (NAPPO) LEVEL Role in implementation and capacity building* In General (BUT) As a general rule, NAPPO does not perform capacity development work and it is not included in NAPPO’s recently adopted Strategic Plan. However, we do many activities in direct support of IPPC activities that can be perceived as capacity building (i.e. ePhyto and ISPM 15 workshops)

4. BACKGROUND Capacity development through NAPPO can be divided into two approaches: direct support of IPPC activities, and activities undertaken in the NAPPO region or direct area of influence to strengthen regional capacity in plant protection. Direct support of IPPC activities Korea, 2011: supported by IPPC, objective: work on appendix 1 to ISPM 12 (ePhyto) Paris, 2012: supported by IPPC, objective: work on appendix 1 to ISPM 12 (ePhyto) Brazil, 2012: supported by IPPC, objective: training workshop on ePhyto Costa Rica, 2013: supported by GICSV, objective: training workshop on ePhyto Mexico, 2014: NAPPO, objective: "information workshop" (as the symposium) on ePhyto

5. SPECIFICALLY In the hemisphere of the Americas 1. various ePhyto events 2. Workshops and symposia on citrus pests Among NAPPO countries 1. Pathway risk analysis symposium and workshop, Raleigh, NC, May 11-12, 2010. Outcome: RSPM 31. 2012. Pathway risk analysis. 2. Import/export of Christmas trees – workshop, Salem, Oregon, Sept 12-14, 2011. Outcome: RSPM 37. 2012. Integrated measures for the trade of Christmas trees.

6. FOCUSED MEETINGS Annual Meeting Symposium on: Science and Technology Tools Supporting Phytosanitary Work 3rd international workshop on citrus quarantine pests An introduction to the IPPC “ePhyto”, Workshop, Costa Rica, June Annual Meeting Symposium on: Electronic phytosanitary certification: from concepts to implementation International workshop on implementation of ISPM 15, Regulation of wood packaging material in international trade, joint with APPPC

7. THE FUTURE Ideas for future capacity development work through NAPPO Strengthening the hemisphere Strengthening the region Needs assessment Preparation of standards and other relevant documents Implementation of standards

8. AT THE COUNTRY LEVEL Traditionally, tailored courses that provided very focused capacity development topics. APHIS would invite participants to US locations and provide instruction. 1.Pest Risk Analysis 2.Plant Health systems analysis course- amongt other courses.

9. THE PLANT HEALTH SYSTEMS ANALYSIS COURSE (PHSA) The Plant Health Systems Analysis Course (PHSA) is designed to build capacity within the international plant health community by demonstrating how the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Plant Protection and Quarantine Unit operates The two-week course conducted in Raleigh, North Carolina and in the Washington, DC area provides participants with information and knowledge relating to the systems and approaches that Plant Protection and Quarantine uses to achieve the safeguarding and trade facilitation missions.

10. THE COURSE IS DEVELOPED AROUND 4 BASIC ELEMENTS: 1. Exclusion and Prevention, 2. Detection and Mitigation, 3. Preparedness and Response, 4. Phytosanitary Trade and Export Certification System components include: International Standards, Legal Basis/Administration, Pest Inspection, Identification, Risk Evaluation, Treatments, Inspections/Post Entry, Pest Detection, Surveys, Control/Eradication, Domestic Quarantine, Permits, Export Certification, Biotechnology, International Cooperation and other relevant subject areas.

11. GENERAL VERSUS SPECIFIC GENERAL OBJECTIVES The course seeks to expose mid-level plant health officials to the importance and benefits of implementing a modern Plant Health System. Legal Authorities and International standards supported by functional system components and sound science establish the conditions for supportive policies and procedures to protect agriculture based economies and facilitate trade. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES At the completion of this course, participants will have acquired the knowledge and skills to: Describe the rationale to support policies that will strengthen plant health systems in their respective countries. Identify the elements and functions of plant health systems and determine which plant protection and quarantine measures are most needed to strengthen their particular plant health system. Develop a personal plan for implementing changes supporting international standards in their national plant protection system.

12. PEST RISK ASSESSMENT (PRA) IS THE PRIMARY BASIS FOR PHYTOSANITARY DECISION-MAKING. Thus, a course in PRA is essential from a Capacity Development Persepective The Plant Epidemiology and Risk Analysis Laboratory (PERAL) a unit of USDA/APHIS PPQ’s Center for Plant Health Science and Technology (CPHST) in Raleigh, North Carolina, created and delivers this course.

13. CLEAR OBJECTIVES COURSE OBJECTIVES 1. Understand the role of & rationale for conducting Pest Risk Analysis 2. Understand the role of science in forming policy & aiding in regulatory decision-making; 3. Understand the legal & regulatory framework that supports & guides the application of Pest Risk Analysis, both at the national & international levels; 4. Possess the necessary training to be able to accurately prepare, direct & evaluate a pest, commodity or pathway Risk Analysis 5. “Network” to establish professional relationship between participants and instructors.

14. WHAT TO EXPECT AT THE COURSE WORKSHOP DESCRIPTION Workshop instruction is in English for an English speaking audience. Interpretation and translation service will not be available or permitted during the workshop. Workshop content was developed for APHIS-PPQ personnel; therefore, some terminology may be unfamiliar to non APHIS-PPQ participants.

15. WHAT IS WRONG HERE?? ???????

16. INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION Project Name: Strengthening the Capacity of Plant Health Systems in South Asia through the National Institute of Plant Health Management (NIPHM) Prime Implementing Partner: US Department of Agriculture: Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) and the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) in partnership with NIPHM

17. DESCRIPTION/GOAL/PURPOSE: NIPHM is an autonomous institute of the Government of India (GOI) and is a training, policy, and research center for Plant Health Management, Biosecurity, methods and regulations. The program aims to strengthen the institutional capacity of NIPHM and transform the Institute into a globally recognized training center. Through the program, NIPHM effectively supports regional and global training for plant health officials and professionals in Africa and Asia.

18. RESULTS AND DELIVERABLES With USDA support, NIPHM has provided training to 49 international participants from 13 countries, including: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Ethiopia, Malawi, Ghana, Kenya, Mozambique, Nigeria, Botswana, Zambia, and South Africa. Total of 232 people have been trained directly through the program. A new “Regional Plant Health Systems Analysis” course has been developed to improve the ability to deal with plant health issues at a regional level, and implement international standards for phytosanitary measures (ISPM’s) within participants’ respective countries’ plant health systems. The program positions NIPHM as a regional plant health training institute available to serve the training needs of SE Asian countries. NIPHM has access to distance learning modules on plant health related topics which can be used to broaden their outreach efforts.

19. RESULTS AND OUTCOMES CONT………… As a result of their work with USDA, NIPHM has incorporated USDA training materials into biosecurity curricula and will modify all curricula to include learning objectives and standardized delivery formats USDA has sent training participants from third countries to NIPHM, rather than bringing them to the US, based on NIPHM’s expertise and course offerings The program success has triggered a GOI policy decision to further develop the institute, including the establishment of a new Plant Biosecurity Lab to serve and support country-wide needs, as well as its use for capacity building NIPHM is taking an increased role on reviewing and developing baseline Pest Risk Assessment within India and is training a greater number of international participants on PRA due to the work with USDA NIPHM has begun implementing two applied research projects related to Khapra Beetle and Phosphine Fumigation which will trigger updated curricula on these regionally important topics

20. KEY ISSUES ADDRESSED Further developing NIPHM’s role as a regional training center through new course offerings and updated curricula. Development of plant health systems in South Asia through increased outreach. Awareness and prevention of plant pest outbreaks in India and regionally. Connecting NIPHM with plant health officials from other countries who can benefit from their training programs beyond the scope and timeframe of the USDA project. Development of non-technical tools and tools for adult learners such as hands on exercises that help participants apply information in the field.

21. CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES Incorporating third party participants to trainings which were originally envisioned as bilateral Delays in visa issuance for international participants Difficulty in reaching out to large numbers of participants for in-person training The short timeline of the program has led to an overwhelming amount of information shared with NIPHM, which is making significant changes in a short period of time to meet training demands

22. LOOKING FOR NEW WAYS OF DOING OLD BUSINESS