1. CHAPTER 16 SECTION 3 Russian Revolution

2. Background to Revolution Massive losses during WWI Poorly trained, equipped, and lead Czar Nicholas II: continues to push for victory in spite of losses.  Ruled Russia for decades and relies on army to keep his family in power

3. Background Continued 1916  Russian army is losing the will to fight  Czar spends majority of time on Eastern Front  Czarina Alexandra influenced by “Holy Man” named Rasputin  Makes several bad decisions  People get angry  Conservatives in Government kill Rasputin in 1916

4. Strike and Riots General strike and Bread Riots in 1917 Nicholas orders troops to break up riots.  Troops refuse to shoot  Many soldiers join the rioters

5. March 1917 Legislature set up a provisional government. Czar Nicholas II asked to step down – He does! New Government:  Democratic  Lead by Kerensky  Decided to continue with WWI (Bad Idea)  People wanted out!!!!! Soviets form – workers and soldiers begin meeting to discuss problems in Russia

6. Influence of Karl Marx German Philosopher who developed Communism  Communist Manifesto  Violent revolution to overthrow Capitalist system Influenced Vladimir Lenin  Forms Bolsheviks (Marzists)  Wants to seize power and end Capitalist system  Tries to take control of the Soviets

7. Lenin’s Promises End of WWI Land redistribution Transfer control of factories to the workers Government power to Soviets “Peace, Land, Bread” “Worker control of production” “All power to the Soviets”

8. Bolsheviks Rise to Power October 1917 Membership up to 240,000 Controls most of Soviets November 6  Seize the Winter Palace and provisional government collapses Lenin organizes Congress of Soviets Renamed the Communists Peace treaty with Germany – Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (1918)

9. Civil War in Russia Communist Red Army vs. Royalist White Army  Royal Family is murdered  War raged between 1918-1921

10. Triumph of Communism Red Army defeats larger Royalist White Army  Lead by Leon Trotsky Strong sense of purpose and used TERROR to keep people loyal 1921:  Communists control Russia  One political party with Lenin as leader

11. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lzN1FxxOYVE Sailors of Kronstadt Petrograd (Capital) Larisa Reisner and Raskolnikov