1. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Chapter 8 Planning and Outcome Identification

2. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Purposes of Planning and Outcome Identification Provide quality nursing care Improve staff communication Provide continuity in delivery of individualized care to all clients

3. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Planning and Outcome Identification Critical elements: –Establishing priorities –Setting goals and developing outcomes –Planning nursing interventions –Documenting

4. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Process of Planning and Outcome Identification Thinking critically Establishing priorities –High –Moderate –Low (continued)

5. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Process of Planning and Outcome Identification Establishing goals and expected outcomes –Expected outcomes Subject Task statement Criteria Conditions Time frame (continued)

6. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Process of Planning and Outcome Identification Goals –Global statement describing intended or desired change Short-term Long-term (continued)

7. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Process of Planning and Outcome Identification Expected outcomes –Specific statements that describe methods through which goal will be achieved –Constructed to be: Realistic Mutually desired by client and nurse Attainable within defined time period

8. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Components of Goals and Expected Outcomes Subject –Who will perform desired behavior Task statement –What will be done Criteria –Standards used to evaluate whether behavior demonstrated indicates accomplishment of goal (continued)

9. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Components of Goals and Expected Outcomes Conditions –Circumstances that provide clarity and assist client in demonstrating expected behavior Time frame –When desired behavior or task is to be performed

10. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Process of Planning and Outcome Identification Problems frequently encountered in planning: –Improper writing format –Inappropriate time frames –Paternalistic approach (continued)

11. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Process of Planning and Outcome Identification When planning nursing interventions, consider: –Reality –Whether nurse can perform safely and accurately –Resources –Compatibility with client’s values –Safe use with other therapies (continued)

12. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Process of Planning and Outcome Identification Evaluating care

13. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) Developed by nurse researchers at University of Iowa Provides standardized language that can be used to measure effects of nursing practice on client outcomes Defines more than 330 client outcomes sensitive to nursing interventions

14. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Plan of Care Written guide that organizes data into formal statement of strategies –Used to help client achieve optimal health Usually includes the following components: –Assessment, nursing diagnoses, goals, expected outcomes, nursing interventions, and evaluation (continued)

15. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Plan of Care Begins on admission and continually updated until discharge Individualization enhanced by continuous reviewing and updating Care plan –Final result of planning step in nursing process

16. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Types of Care Plans Student-oriented Standardized Institutional Computerized

17. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Strategies for Effective Care Planning Clear communication Establishment of realistic nursing care plan Individualized nursing diagnoses