1. Food Resources: A Challenge for Agriculture World Food Problems Today Chapter 10

2. Food For Thought Activity

3. Wealth Gap 1 person in 5 lives in luxury Next 3 get by 1 struggles to survive on less than $1.00/day 1 of every 3 people lack enough fuel to keep warm and cook food 1 person in 6 is hungry or malnourished, severely undernourished and lacks clean drinking water, decent housing, and adequate health care.

4. Human Nutritional Requirements Carbohydrates - cellular respiration – ATP Proteins – amino acids, Lipids – hormones, energy Minerals – iron, calcium Vitamins – regulate metabolism

5. Today, we are producing more food per person Food production exceeds population growth We produce food through technology Fossil fuels, irrigation, fertilizer, pesticides, cultivating more land, genetic engineering Today, soils are in decline and most arable land is already farmed By 2050, we will have to feed 9 billion people

6. Undernutrition and food security 1 billion people do not have enough to eat Undernutrition = people receive fewer calories than their minimum requirements Due to economics, politics, conflict, and inefficiencies in distribution Most undernourished live in developing nations But 36 million Americans are “food insecure” Food security = guarantee of an adequate, safe, nutritious, and reliable food supply

7. Maintaining Grain Stockpiles World grain carryover stocks – amounts of rice, wheat, corn, and other grains remaining from previous harvest Measure of world food security Stockpiles of grains have decreased each year since 1987 Two reasons why world grain stocks have dropped 1. weather conditions -- heat and drought 2. consumption of beef, pork, poultry, and eggs has increased in China and other developing countries.

8. Food security Undernutrition decreased between 1970 and 1990 Higher food prices (2006–2008) and the economic slump (2008–2009) increased the number and percent of hungry 15% of the world’s population is hungry

9. Overnutrition and malnutrition Overnutrition = receiving too many calories each day Developed countries have abundant, cheap junk food, and people lead sedentary lives In the U.S., 25% of adults are obese Worldwide, over 400 million people are obese Malnutrition = a shortage of nutrients the body needs The diet lacks adequate vitamins and minerals Can lead to diseases

10. Malnutrition can lead to diseases Kwashiorkor = diet lacks protein or essential amino acids Occurs when children stop breast-feeding Bloated stomach, mental and physical disabilities Marasmus = protein deficiency and insufficient calories Wasting or shriveling of the body

11. Poverty and Food Poverty is main cause of malnutrition and undernutriton More common in rural areas Infants, children, elderly are most susceptible to poverty and chronic hunger Economic issues associated with poverty: 1. $ to produce, store, transport and distribute food 2. Developing countries have difficulty paying for the food 3. Food-producing nations cannot afford to give food way indefinitely. 4. Government inefficiency and bureaucratic red tape can make it difficult to distribute food and ensure the people get the food.

12. Somalia

13. Feedback Loops….. Poverty ---- Malnutrition ---- Decreased Resistance to Disease ---- High Death Rate For Children. Malnutrition – Decreased Energy --- Decreased Ability to Learn --- Decreased Ability to Work --- Shortened Life Expectancy Decreased Ability to Work ---Poverty

14. Poverty and Food Cultural acceptance of different foods (would you want to eat dog meat or grubs????)