1. 1 Comparison of Adjectives Comparison of Adjectives Source: http://www.authorstream.com/http://www.authorstream.com/ Skill: Grammar Level: 102 Unit: Ten SLOs SWAT 1.Recognize the comparative and superlative adjectives (regular &irregular) 2. Spell the comparative and superlative adjectives correctly 3. Use the comparative and superlative adjectives properly in speaking and writing.

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3. tall taller the tallest 3 taller

4. One-syllable adjectives - 1 One-Syllable Adjective Comparative FormSuperlative Form talltallertallest oldolderoldest longlongerlongest 4 Mary is taller than Max. Max’s story is the longest story I’ve ever heard. My hair is longer than your hair. Of the three students, Max is the oldest. Max is older than John. Mary is the tallest of all the students.

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6. If the one-syllable adjective ends with an e, just add –r for the comparative form and –st for the superlative form. 6 One-Syllable Adjective with Final -e Comparative Form Superlative Form largelargerlargest wisewiserwisest Mary’s car is larger than Max’s car. One-syllable adjectives - 2 Max is the wisest person I know. Max is wiser than his brother. Mars is close to the Sun. Earth is closer to the Sun than Mars. Mercury is the closest Planet to the Sun.

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8. One-Syllable Adjective ending with a Single Consonant with a Single Vowel before it Comparative FormSuperlative Form bigbiggerbiggest thinthinnerthinnest fatfatterfattest. If the one-syllable adjective ends with a single consonant with a vowel before it, double the consonant and add –er for the comparative form; and double the consonant and add –est for the superlative form. My dog is bigger than your dog. 8 One-syllable adjectives - 3 Mary is the fattest person I’ve ever seen My mother is fatter than your mother. Of all the students in the class, Max is the thinnest. Max is thinner than John. My dog is the biggest of all the dogs in the neighborhood.

9. 9 lazy lazier the laziest

10. 10 I’m 155 kg. I’m 55 kg I’m 45 kg The Prince is heavy, The princess Fiona is heavier than the prince, but Shrek is the heaviest of all.

11. If the two-syllable adjectives ends with –y, change the y to i and add –er for the comparative form. For the superlative form change the y to i and add –est. Two-Syllable Adjective ending with -y Comparative FormSuperlative Form happyhappierhappiest angryangrierangriest busybusierbusiest John is happier today than he was yesterday. 11 Two-syllable adjectives - 1 Mary is the busiest person I’ve ever met. Mary is busier than Max. Of all of John’s victims, Max is the angriest. Max is angrier than Mary. John is the happiest boy in the world.

12. Two-syllable adjectives - 2 Two-Syllable AdjectiveComparative FormSuperlative Form peacefulmore peacefulmost peaceful pleasantmore pleasantmost pleasant carefulmore carefulmost careful thoughtfulmore thoughtfulmost thoughtful With most two-syllable adjectives, you form the comparative with more and the superlative with most. This morning is more peaceful than yesterday morning. 12 Mary is the most thoughtful person I’ve ever met. Jill is more thoughtful than your sister. Of all the taxi drivers, Jack is the most careful. Max is more careful than Mike. Max’s house in the mountains is the most peaceful in the world.

13. narrow narrower narrowest 13

14. Two-Syllable Adjective ending with -er, -le, or -ow Comparative FormSuperlative Form narrownarrowernarrowest gentlegentlergentlest Two-syllable adjectives - 3 Two-syllable adjectives ending in –er, -le, or –ow take –er and –est to form the comparative and superlative forms. The roads in this town are narrower than the roads in the city. 14 Of all the dogs in the world, English Mastiffs are the gentlest. Big dogs are gentler than small dogs. This road is the narrowest of all the roads in California.

15. 15 beautiful more beautiful most beautiful

16. Adjectives with two or more syllables For adjectives with two syllables or more, you form the comparative with more and the superlative with most. Adjective with three or more Syllables Comparative FormSuperlative Form generousmore generousmost generous importantmore importantmost important intelligentmore intelligentmost intelligent John is more generous than Jack. 16 Mary is the most intelligent person I’ve ever met. Women are more intelligent than men. Of all the people I know, Max is the most important. Health is more important than money. John is the most generous of all the people I know.

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18. Exceptions - 1 Irregular adjectives. Irregular AdjectiveComparative FormSuperlative Form goodbetterbest badworseworst littlelessleast manymoremost Thai food is better than American food. 18 Of all the students in the class, Max is the worst. My mother’s cooking is worse than your mother’s cooking. My dog is the best dog in the world.

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20. 20 Exceptions - 2 Difference in meaning with adjectives: far fartherfarthestdistance furtherfurthestdistance or time late laterlatest latterx xlast old olderoldestpeople and things eldereldestpeople (family) near nearernearestdistance xnextorder

21. 21 Farther means “more far/distant” in physical distance. Farthest means “the most far/distant.” Further means “more far/distant” figuratively or non-physically, and can also mean “more/additional”: Furthest means “the most far/distant” figuratively. Tom ran farther than Jack. Which is farther, New York or Los Angeles? Pluto is the farthest planet from the sun. Nothing could be further from the truth. Who is further along in her research? Do you have any further ideas? That is the furthest thing from my mind.

22. 22 Nearest is used for place. It is used to refer to people or things which are most near in space. Excuse me. Where is the nearest hospital? (NOT Where is the next hospital?) The nearest railway station is two kilometers away. Next is used to talk about time or position in a series. It means ‘after this / that one’. We will get off at the next station. (NOT We will get off at the nearest station.) We are looking forward to your next visit. (NOT We are looking forward to your nearest visit.) As soon as he finished one project, he started planning the next. (NOT … he started planning the nearest.)

23. 23 Next t can be used for place in a few fixed expressions. In this case it means ‘nearest in space’. The most common expressions of this kind are ‘next door’ and ‘next to’. The boy next door is a little careless about truth. (NOT The boy nearest door is a little careless about truth.) Who is sitting next to Peter? (More natural than ‘Who is sitting nearest to Peter?’) Living Next Door To Alice

24. 24 Use later when referring to time. Use latter when referring to the second of two persons or things mentioned previously. When more than two have been mentioned, use last. Though Amy said that she would join me later I never saw her again. “There are two kinds of worries: those you can do something about and those you can’t. Don’t spend any time on the latter.” Older is the comparative form of old, as in: Theresa is older than Anne. We can use elder (or older) when we talk about people in a family: Donna’s elder sister is a lawyer. (or Donna’s older sister is a lawyer.) We say “elder sister”, but we can’t say that somebody is elder: My sister is older than I am. (not elder than I am).

25. Dolphins are considered the cleverest / the most clever animals inhabiting the ocean. Chimpanzees are cleverer / more clever in a memory task than humans. 25

26. Exceptions - 3 Two-syllable adjectives that follow two rules. These adjectives can be used with -er and -est and with more and most. Two-Syllable AdjectiveComparative FormSuperlative Form clevercleverercleverest clevermore clevermost clever gentlegentlergentlest gentlemore gentlemost gentle friendlyfriendlierfriendliest friendlymore friendlymost friendly quietquieterquietest quietmore quietmost quiet simplesimplersimplest simplemore simplemost simple Big dogs are gentler than small dogs. 26 Of all the dogs in the world, English Mastiffs are the most gentle. Big dogs are more gentle than small dogs. Of all the dogs in the world, English Mastiffs are the gentlest.

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