1. Looked at these sentences and find out the similarities between them. 1…, the Mid- Autumn Festival is celebrated by the Chinese people all over the world. 2. Traditional moon cakes are usually made with bean paste, but nowadays … 3.It is called, Zongzi, which is sticky rice in fresh bamboo leaves. 4.On this day, the moon is said to at its and biggest and brightest.

2. 5. In one story, lanterns were lit to celebrate the power of light over darkness. 6. In another story, a town was almost destroyed but the light from many lanterns saved it. 7.In the old days, dragon boat races were organised only by Chinese people. 8.In the past, lanterns were usually lit by candles and decorated with pictures of birds,animals and flowers,etc. 9.He was fooled when he saw thousands of lanterns.

3. Passive Voice 被动语态

4. The Basic Form : Be ( 助动词 ) + V-ed Think and Work out: The forms of passive voice in different tenses and the ones with modal verbs What kind of situations the passive voice is used.

5. 表格：被动态基本结构 时态被动语态结构 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在完成时 过去完成时 am/is/are done was/were done am/is/are being done was/were being done shall/will be done would be done have/has been done had been done

6. With Modal Verbs Modal Verbs + Be + V- ed Concretely speaking: can/ could/ may / might + be + V-ed must/ should / need + be + V-ed ought to + be + V-ed have to be + V-ed

7. On four situations can we use the passive voice. Situation1: We don’t know or don’t need to know the person who performed the action. e.g. Sweet dumplings are boiled and served in hot water. Situation2: The “doer” is obvious. e.g. Traditional moon cakes are usually made with bean paste, but nowadays,… In one story, lanterns were lit to celebrate the power of light over darkness….

8. Situation3:The action is more important than the doer, or we don’t want to tell the person who performed the action. e.g. He was fooled when he saw thousands of lanterns. Situation4: In writing, especially in scientific and technical reports, and in newspaper articles, the passive voice is more formal than the active one and is more often used. e.g. It is well admitted that Taiwan is a part of The People’s Republic of China. On this day, the moon is said to be at its and biggest and brightest.

9. The Ways to Change the Active into the Passive (1) the active : object → the passive : subject ↓ ↓ 宾语 → 主语 (2) predicate verbs( 谓语动词 ) : passive voice do → be done, the tenses don’t change The subject in the active has changed into the object of “by” in the passive voice. Active: A thief stole my mobile phone last Sunday. Passive: My mobile phone was stolen (by a thief) last Sunday.

10. Some special situations and notices: The form of the active to express the passive voice meaning Notice1: 含双宾语的主动句变被动句，一般 变间接宾语 ( 指人 ) 为主语较多。若把直接宾 语 ( 指物 ) 改为主语则在间接宾语前加上适当 的介词。 在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前加 to: bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass,sell,show,pay,promise,take,teach, etc.

11. Notice2: 而在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前加 for : build, cut, find, fetch, do, fix, keep, order,paint, etc. 作 “ 需要, 要求 ” 讲的 want/need/require 后接动名词作宾语 ( 形式是 : V-ing) 时，用主动 式表被动义；当然也可接不定式的被动式 (to be done) 作宾语。＊ e.g. Your jacket needs washing/to be washed ． The English Weekly paper requires doing / to be done.

12. Notice3: 表示主语的属性特征的动词 + 副词 well/ badly/easily/smoothly, 用主动式表被 动义 (read, write, set, sell, wash, clean, wear, open, cook, lock, shut, dry, eat, drink,...) e.g. The tickets for the film Superman sells well. The pen writes well. The sweater washes easily.

13. Notice4: Intransitive verbs and phrases have no passive voice forms. take place, happen, occur, suffer from, come to, pull through, go off, stand, bear, struggle, fight, belong to, lose heart （失 去信心）,consist of （包括）,add up to （增加）, rise, succeed, remain, take place, break out, ….