1. Nutrition: Carbohydrates Chapter 10 Lesson 2 Pg. 258-260

2. Definitions ■Carbohydrates ■Fiber ■Cholesterol ■Vitamins ■Minerals ■Osteoporosis

3. Carbohydrates Objective 1: Describe the functions of the simple and complex carbohydrates Objective 2: Describe the relationship between glucose and glycogen Objective 3: Describe the difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes Objective 4: Identify the benefits of fiber

4. What is a Carbohydrate? ■ Carbohydrates (Carbs)- The starches and sugars found in foods. ■ Most nutrition experts recommend getting 45-65% of your daily calories from carbohydrates. ■ There are 3 Types of carbs, 1. Simple 2. Complex 3. Fiber

5. Simple Carbohydrates ■ What are simple carbohydrates? ■ Also know as EMPTY CALORIES ■ Sugars; fructose and lactose ■ Found primarily in fruit and milk ■ Most familiar; Sucrose ■ Found naturally; plants ■ Refined to make table sugar ■ Sucrose is also added to manufactured foods ■ http://abcnews.go.com/GMA/video/sugar-bad-health- weight-alcohol-15496307 http://abcnews.go.com/GMA/video/sugar-bad-health- weight-alcohol-15496307

7. Simple Carbohydrates

8. Complex Carbohydrates ■ Complex Carbs, or Starches are long chains of sugars linked together. (long term energy compared to sugars) ■ Found primarily in; whole grains, nuts, seeds, legumes and tubers (root veggies) ■ Did you know? ■ Your body must break down complex carbs to simple carbs before it can use them for energy.

9. Complex Carbohydrates

10. The Role Of Carbohydrates ■ Your body converts ALL simple & complex carbs to Glucose ■ Glucose: a simple sugar that’s the main source of energy for our bodies ■ The glucose that is not used is stored in the liver and muscles as a starch-like substance called; glycogen. ■ When your body needs more energy the glycogen is converted back to glucose. ■ Excess carbs taken in and not used are converted to body fat

11. Diabetes ■ The pancreas makes the right amount of insulin to move glucose out from the blood to the cells. ■ Insulin: helps glucose enter the body’s cells, where it can be used for energy or stored for future use. ■ Type 1: the body’s immune system begins destroying the cells of the pancreas that produces insulin. ■ Type 2: Over time, the body loses the ability to create enough insulin in response to meals.

12. Diabetes Video clips ■ Type 2 diabetes video clip: ■ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nBJN7DH83HA http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nBJN7DH83HA ■ Type 1 Diabetes video clip ■ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xm0CK_Upi-4 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xm0CK_Upi-4 GABRIS DIABETES VIDEO: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4r5O3NkSXtY

13. Fiber, What is it? What does it do? ■ Fiber: a tough complex carbohydrate that the body cannot digest. ■ Fiber moves waste through your digestive system. ■ Eating foods high in fiber can help you feel full, and may reduce the risk of cancer, heart disease, type 2 diabetes & lower cholesterol. ■ Good sources of fiber includes: ■ fruits ■ vegetables ■ whole grains. ■ Nuts, seeds & legumes