1. RHETORICAL DEVICES What makes a speech powerful?

2. QUICK WRITE  Write down three things that you know about Martin Luther King Jr.’s famous “I Have a Dream” speech. Why do these three things stick out to you?  Listen to this clip from MLK Jr’s speech and list three new things that stick out to you. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V57lotnKGF8

3. RHETORICAL DEVICES  Persuasive techniques used by public speakers and writers of literary works  Can include:  Repetition  Rhetorical questions  Extended metaphors  Allusion  Thesis

4. REPETITION  Sounds, words, phrases, lines or stanzas that are recurring in a speech or literary work  Purpose? To emphasize an important point To expand on idea To create rhythm To create and increase unity Example: See p.538 “Remember” by Joy Harjo What effect does the repetition have on the reader?

5. REPETITION  Easy way to remember… https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VZNaecq_rpU

6. RHETORICAL QUESTIONS  A statement that is formulated as a question but it NOT meant to be answered “Who here is so base that would be a bondman? If any, speak, for him have I offended. Who is here so rude, that would not be a Roman? If any, speak, for him have I offended. Who is here so vile that will not love his country? If any, speak, for have I offended.” -Brutus’s funeral speech from The Tragedy of Julius Caesar (Act III, sc. II) Need a visual? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=al20AFLf4n8

7. EXTENDED METAPHORS  Like a metaphor, two unlike things are compared in many ways through out a paragraph, a stanza, or an entire selection  Example: See p. 521 in book: “Hope is a Thing with Feathers” by Emily Dickinson What is hope compared to? What words are used to convey the meaning? What images do you see when you read this poem?

8. EXTENDED METAPHORS  Metaphors are everywhere! Don’t believe me? Turn on the radio… https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hNRsY3NCB1A What is a song you can think of that is an extended metaphor? What is being compared? What words do they use?

9. ALLUSION  Reference to a well-known character, place, or situation from history, music, art, or another work of literature  Helps to understand and relate to another work’s meaning “I thought, as I wiped my eyes on the corner of my apron: Penelope did this, too.” -from “An Ancient Gesture” by Edna St. Vincent Millay Who does the poet allude to? What great work of literature does she allude to?

10. THESIS  The main idea of an essay or nonfiction work  Generally stated in one or two sentences  Helps to understand the work as a whole-the writer’s PURPOSE for writing Example: p. 350 “Sayonara” by Anne Morrow Lindbergh Read the first two paragraphs (first column). What do you think the thesis would be?

11. LET’S PRACTICE!  Analyze JFK’s Inaugural Address from 1961. Look for the following: ______ Underline the thesis statement or write the speaker’s purpose Draw boxes around examples of repetition Place a star by examples of allusion Draw arrows point to any rhetorical questions