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Published byWilfrid Holmes Modified over 8 years ago
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Logic Section 2.1
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Symbols and or If …, then… not
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p: It is Friday q: I am tired Write each statement based upon the symbols It is Friday and I am tired It is not Friday or I am tired If I am not tired, then it is Friday
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Conditionals Hypothesis: p or the part in the statement after if Conclusion: q or the part in the statement after then Ex: All elephants are mammals. Conditional: If an animal is an elephant, then it is a mammal. Hypothesis: an animal is an elephant Conclusion: it is a mammal p q
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Converse Switches the hypothesis and conclusion Ex: If you’re in a state surrounded completely by water, then you’re in Hawaii. If you’re in Hawaii, then you’re in a state surrounded completely by water. If you live in New York, then you live in the US. If you live in the US, then you live in New York. q p
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Inverse Negates both the hypothesis and the conclusion Ex: If a line has only one end point, then it is a ray. If a line does not have only one endpoint, then it is not a ray. If I go shopping, then I will buy shoes. If I do not go shopping, then I won’t buy shoes. ~p ~ q
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Contrapositive Switches and negates the hypothesis and conclusion Ex: If a shape is a square, then it is a rectangle. If a shape is not a rectangle, then it is not a square. If you are speeding, then you will get a ticket. If you did not get a ticket, then you were not speeding. ~q ~ p
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