1. How are they similar? How are they different? What happens when you combine different ethnicities with conflicting ideas in a limited space ?

2. Define These! 1. Race 2. Ethnicity 3. Nationality 4. Citizenship 1. Is there more than one race? 2. How can this be defined by scale and place? 2. When you can’t define race why try ethnicity? 3. What is more important in the US? 4. Is this earned? 5. Should Ethnicities have a right to govern themselves? What are these labels an example of?  Black  Hispanic  Quebecois  South Asian  Swiss American  American

3. Use the following definitions to complete the worksheet  Ethnic cleansing- Process by which a powerful ethnic group forcibly removes a less powerful one in order to create an ethnically homogenous region. (Not just male soldiers, but women and children.)  The purpose is not to subjugate, but to remove  Today, most ethnic cleansing happens in Europe and Africa  Genocide- "any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such: killing members of the group; causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group; deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part; imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group; [and] forcibly transferring children of the group to another group.“

4. 1: They erupt under the cover of war. 2: They are the brainchildren of insecure leaders eager for more power. 3: Governments ease their people into them gradually. 4: Other nations must be persuaded to look away. 5: They rely heavily on the power of group thinking to embolden the everyday killers.

5.  Ethnic cleansing / genocide in Yugoslavia  Creation of multi-ethnic Yugoslavia  Destruction of multi-ethnic Yugoslavia

6. The northern part of the Balkans was part of Austria-Hungary in 1914, while much of the south was part of the Ottoman Empire. The country of Yugoslavia was created after World War I.

7. Several new states were created, and boundaries were shifted after World Wars I and II. New state boundaries often coincided with language areas.

8. Yugoslavia’s six republics until1992 included much ethnic diversity. Brutal ethnic cleansing occurred in Bosnia, Croatia, and Kosovo during the civil wars of the 1990s.

9. Aerial photography helped document the stages of ethnic cleansing in western Kosovo in 1999.

10. The boundaries of African states do not (and cannot) coincide with the thousands of ethnic groups on the continent.

11.  Ethnic cleansing in central Africa  Most boundaries in Africa do not correspond to ethnic groups

12.  In 1994 an estimated 800,000 people were killed in the small African state of Rwanda. The violence stemmed from a civil war between two ethnic groups (Hutu and Tutsi) starting in 1990 and brought to a cease-fire in 1993. Shortly before the escalated violence began the President of Rwanda, a Hutu, was killed when his plane was shot down. Hutu radio propaganda was used to organize Hutu militias to kill Tutsi and pro-peace Hutus.  Conflict between Hutu and Tutsi destabilized the region ▪ Ethnic cleansing and genocide in Rwanda ▪ Refugees spill into neighboring countries ▪ Democratic Republic of Congo falls into civil war ▪ And the list goes on and on…

13.  During World War I, the Ottoman Empire (Muslim) was fearful that its large ethnic Armenian population, which was Christian, would ally itself with Imperial Russia (Christian). They used this fear as a motive for killing an estimated 1.5 million Armenians within the Ottoman Empire. States that have categorized these acts have faced diplomatic pressure from present-day Turkey who claims the deaths were a result of civil unrest or acts of national security against an internal enemy.

14.  Ever since the first landing of colonists in the “New World” native peoples have been subjugated, marginalized, and mistreated by the European powers. It is estimated that over 90% of the Native American population perished as a result of conflict and exposure to European diseases. Native Americans in the United States have been forcibly removed from their ancestral territories and placed on Reservations. The treatment of Native peoples in the past have lead to attempts to redress the problem through land grants and more recently legalized gambling on Native American land.

15.  After the Holocaust and World War II, the United Nations (UN) set about to create a homeland for Jewish peoples displaced by the Nazis. After the war Jewish migrants from Europe and other parts of the world began arriving in greater numbers causing tensions with the Muslim Palestinian population. After a series of conflicts won by the Israelis, Palestinian land was taken over by Israel and occupied. Hundreds of thousands of Palestinians became refugees after the war. Many Palestinians have died because of disease, starvation, and conflict with the U.S. backed Israeli army.

16.  Think about:  Modern Ethnic Conflict  “Purify” an area  Forced Migration or Extermination  Provide an Example and your Reasoning