1. CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson Reece 17 Viruses Questions prepared by Brad Stith, University of Colorado Denver Christopher Gregg, Louisiana State University Louise Paquin, McDaniel College

2. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the following is a property of life shared by prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells, but not viruses? A.nucleic acids used to store hereditary information B.order and complexity in arrangement of biological molecules C.the ability to process energy through metabolic reactions D.the capacity to evolve

3. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the following is a property of life shared by prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells, but not viruses? A.nucleic acids used to store hereditary information B.order and complexity in arrangement of biological molecules C.the ability to process energy through metabolic reactions D.the capacity to evolve

4. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the following is characteristic of the lytic cycle? A.Viral DNA is incorporated into the host genome. B.The virus-host relationship usually lasts for generations. C.A large number of phages are released at a time. D.Many bacterial cells containing viral DNA are produced. E.The viral genome replicates without destroying the host.

5. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the following is characteristic of the lytic cycle? A.Viral DNA is incorporated into the host genome. B.The virus-host relationship usually lasts for generations. C.A large number of phages are released at a time. D.Many bacterial cells containing viral DNA are produced. E.The viral genome replicates without destroying the host.

6. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. What is the function of reverse transcriptase in retroviruses? A.It converts host cell RNA into viral DNA. B.It hydrolyzes the host cell's DNA. C.It uses viral RNA as a template for making complementary RNA strands. D.It translates viral RNA into proteins. E.It uses viral RNA as a template for DNA synthesis.

7. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. What is the function of reverse transcriptase in retroviruses? A.It converts host cell RNA into viral DNA. B.It hydrolyzes the host cell's DNA. C.It uses viral RNA as a template for making complementary RNA strands. D.It translates viral RNA into proteins. E.It uses viral RNA as a template for DNA synthesis.

8. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Why are viruses referred to as obligate parasites? A.They use the host cell to reproduce. B.Viral DNA always inserts itself into host DNA. C.They invariably kill any cell they infect. D.They can incorporate nucleic acids from other viruses. E.They must use enzymes encoded by the virus itself.

9. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Why are viruses referred to as obligate parasites? A.They use the host cell to reproduce. B.Viral DNA always inserts itself into host DNA. C.They invariably kill any cell they infect. D.They can incorporate nucleic acids from other viruses. E.They must use enzymes encoded by the virus itself.

10. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the following molecules make up the viral envelope? A.viral glycoproteins B.capsid C.phospholipids from human host cell membrane D.membrane proteins from human host cell E.viral DNA

11. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the following molecules make up the viral envelope? A.viral glycoproteins B.capsid C.phospholipids from human host cell membrane D.membrane proteins from human host cell E.viral DNA

12. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. You have isolated viral particles from a patient, but you are not sure whether they are adenoviruses or influenza viruses. The presence of which class of biological molecules would allow you to distinguish between the two types of virus? A.RNA B.phospholipids C.proteins D.glycoproteins E.DNA

13. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. You have isolated viral particles from a patient, but you are not sure whether they are adenoviruses or influenza viruses. The presence of which class of biological molecules would allow you to distinguish between the two types of virus? A.RNA B.phospholipids C.proteins D.glycoproteins E.DNA

14. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. The HIV virus attacks only a certain type of white blood cells, and not other cell types. Why? A.HIV receptors are not found on the other cell types. B.Reverse transcriptase cannot transcribe RNA to DNA. C.Viral mRNA cannot be transcribed from the integrated provirus. D.Viruses cannot bud from the host cell.

15. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. The HIV virus attacks only a certain type of white blood cells, and not other cell types. Why? A.HIV receptors are not found on the other cell types. B.Reverse transcriptase cannot transcribe RNA to DNA. C.Viral mRNA cannot be transcribed from the integrated provirus. D.Viruses cannot bud from the host cell.

16. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Bacteriophages were grown in a medium containing radioactive sulfur ( 35 S) and radioactive phosphorous ( 32 P), which are incorporated into proteins and DNA, respectively. If these phages were used to infect a bacterial culture, which isotope would be detected within the infected bacteria? A. 35 S B. 32 P C.Both D.neither

17. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Bacteriophages were grown in a medium containing radioactive sulfur ( 35 S) and radioactive phosphorous ( 32 P), which are incorporated into proteins and DNA, respectively. If these phages were used to infect a bacterial culture, which isotope would be detected within the infected bacteria? A. 35 S B. 32 P C.Both D.neither

18. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. AZT is a nucleoside analog used to treat HIV infections. It is a modified nucleoside. Which step does AZT hamper in the reproductive cycle of the HIV virus? A.entry into the cell B.synthesis of DNA from RNA catalyzed by reverse transcription C.transcription of RNA from proviral DNA D.viral assembly within the cell

19. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. AZT is a nucleoside analog used to treat HIV infections. It is a modified nucleoside. Which step does AZT hamper in the reproductive cycle of the HIV virus? A.entry into the cell B.synthesis of DNA from RNA catalyzed by reverse transcription C.transcription of RNA from proviral DNA D.viral assembly within the cell

20. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the following most likely describes the vertical transmission of a plant virus? A.The plant shows symptoms of disease after being grazed on by herbivores. B.Sap from one plant is rubbed on the leaves of a second plant; both plants eventually show disease symptoms. C.Seeds are planted and reared under protected conditions, but mature plants show disease symptoms. D.After a gardener prunes several plants with the same shears, they all show disease symptoms.

21. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the following most likely describes the vertical transmission of a plant virus? A.The plant shows symptoms of disease after being grazed on by herbivores. B.Sap from one plant is rubbed on the leaves of a second plant; both plants eventually show disease symptoms. C.Seeds are planted and reared under protected conditions, but mature plants show disease symptoms. D.After a gardener prunes several plants with the same shears, they all show disease symptoms.