1. The 15 th Century The True Beginning of European History

2. Pre-Modern Age Prior to the beginning of the Modern Age (marked by Christopher Columbus ’ s discovery of America), numerous events occurred in Europe. –1402 The Spanish Empire begins with the conquering of the Canary Islands. –1429 Joan of Arc becomes a hero at the Siege of Orleans changing the tide of the Hundred Years War. –1453 Battle of Castillon is the last engagement of the Hundred Years War Prior to the beginning of the Modern Age (marked by Christopher Columbus ’ s discovery of America), numerous events occurred in Europe. –1402 The Spanish Empire begins with the conquering of the Canary Islands. –1429 Joan of Arc becomes a hero at the Siege of Orleans changing the tide of the Hundred Years War. –1453 Battle of Castillon is the last engagement of the Hundred Years War

3. 1469 The marriage of Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella of Castille marks the unification of Spain.1469 The marriage of Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella of Castille marks the unification of Spain. 1455-1488 The War of the Roses1455-1488 The War of the Roses 1481 Spanish Inquisition Begins1481 Spanish Inquisition Begins 1492 Columbus discovers the New World1492 Columbus discovers the New World

4. The Top 10 People 1.Johannes Gutenberg- Inventor of Printing Press 2.Christopher Columbus- Discovered America 3. Leonardo da Vinci- Inventor and Painter 4. Jan Hus- Bohemian religious thinker and reformer 5. Filippo Brunelleschi- Invents One-Point perspective 1.Johannes Gutenberg- Inventor of Printing Press 2.Christopher Columbus- Discovered America 3. Leonardo da Vinci- Inventor and Painter 4. Jan Hus- Bohemian religious thinker and reformer 5. Filippo Brunelleschi- Invents One-Point perspective

5. Most Important People 6-10 6. Henry VII of England- Founder of the Tudor dynasty 7. Ferdinand of Aragon- Marries Isabella and unifies Spain 8. Isabella of Castile Marries Ferdinand and unifies Spain 9. Joan of Arc- French national hero 10. Vasco de Gama- Reaches India, navigational revolution 6. Henry VII of England- Founder of the Tudor dynasty 7. Ferdinand of Aragon- Marries Isabella and unifies Spain 8. Isabella of Castile Marries Ferdinand and unifies Spain 9. Joan of Arc- French national hero 10. Vasco de Gama- Reaches India, navigational revolution

6. The Top 5:An In Depth Look Johannes Gutenberg Responsible for creating the first machine capable of producing physical documents. Without the printing press the vernacular would never have developed and you would not be sitting here reading this. Actually credited with the invention of movable type. His invention has been named the most important in the second millennium by TIME magazine. Eventually exiled due to a conflict between two Archbishops. Johannes Gutenberg Responsible for creating the first machine capable of producing physical documents. Without the printing press the vernacular would never have developed and you would not be sitting here reading this. Actually credited with the invention of movable type. His invention has been named the most important in the second millennium by TIME magazine. Eventually exiled due to a conflict between two Archbishops.

7. Christopher Columbus Born in Genoa although theories exist claiming otherwise. Original plan was to sail to the Indies in search of spices, silks and opiates. Him and his brother sought out the aid of many European monarchs none of which supported him except Ferdinand and Isabella. Columbus never actually made it to mainland America and instead explored numerous islands off the Eastern seaboard including the Virgin Islands and Cuba. Became Governor and Viceroy and eventually was ousted out of both positions by Ferdinand. Died a wealthy man due to all the funds he and his men collected in Hispaniola. Born in Genoa although theories exist claiming otherwise. Original plan was to sail to the Indies in search of spices, silks and opiates. Him and his brother sought out the aid of many European monarchs none of which supported him except Ferdinand and Isabella. Columbus never actually made it to mainland America and instead explored numerous islands off the Eastern seaboard including the Virgin Islands and Cuba. Became Governor and Viceroy and eventually was ousted out of both positions by Ferdinand. Died a wealthy man due to all the funds he and his men collected in Hispaniola.

9. Leonardo da Vinci Described as an archetype and considered the true “Renaissance” Man. Labeled one of the greatest painters in history, as well as a creative inventor and scholar. Responsible for the Mona Lisa and the Last Supper, arguably two of the most important paintings in history. Described as an archetype and considered the true “Renaissance” Man. Labeled one of the greatest painters in history, as well as a creative inventor and scholar. Responsible for the Mona Lisa and the Last Supper, arguably two of the most important paintings in history.

10. Jan Hus Major dissenter of the practice of selling indulgences. Influenced future reformers and religious thinkers and becoming a key figure in reformation. Worked closely with Wycliffe and after many sucessful years in religious reform was burned at the stake. Major dissenter of the practice of selling indulgences. Influenced future reformers and religious thinkers and becoming a key figure in reformation. Worked closely with Wycliffe and after many sucessful years in religious reform was burned at the stake.

11. Filippo Brunelleschi First architect related to the Renaissance, and did primarily all of his work in Florence, Italy. Well renowned for his dome and ability to build such a large unsupportive structure. A very gifted mathematician as well as engineer, his knowledge extended far past architecture making him a very intelligent man. First architect related to the Renaissance, and did primarily all of his work in Florence, Italy. Well renowned for his dome and ability to build such a large unsupportive structure. A very gifted mathematician as well as engineer, his knowledge extended far past architecture making him a very intelligent man.

12. Other 15th Century Facts Middle English develops into Modern English Public Banks are introduced The Yongle Encyclopedia is published. Psychiatric Hospitals are introduced. Linear perspective is perfected by Brunelleschi. Middle English develops into Modern English Public Banks are introduced The Yongle Encyclopedia is published. Psychiatric Hospitals are introduced. Linear perspective is perfected by Brunelleschi.