1. Types of Rocks Let’s explore more about each type of rock….

2. Day 2: Sedimentary Rocks What are sedimentary rocks made of? What is sediment? Where does sediment come from? What do you need to make sedimentary rocks? How are sedimentary rocks made? What is special about sedimentary rocks?

3. Sedimentary Rocks What are sedimentary rocks made of? – Sedimentary rocks are rocks made of: ____________________

4. Sediment What is sediment? – Sediment can be: Dirt Pebbles (small rocks) Rocks Sand Silt

5. Where does sediment come from? – Sediment can come from: Weathering/Erosion – when water, ice, wind, or gravity wear down rock Sediment settles on the bottom of lakes, rivers, and oceans

6. Sedimentary Rock Ingredients: To make a sedimentary rock you need: – Sediment – Pressure (above and below)

7. Formation of Sedimentary Rocks Sedimentary rocks are made by these steps: 1.Sediment settles in layers 2. Layers form on top of layers 3.Pressure is created by the layers on top 4.Sticky clay and silt “glue” particles together 5.The sediment and clay harden 6.A sedimentary rock is formed!!

10. Examples of Sedimentary Rocks

11. Why are sedimentary rocks ‘special’? Sedimentary rocks are special because: – They are the only type of rock that can contain fossils

13. Day 3: Igneous Rocks What are igneous rocks made of? What is magma? Where does magma come from? What do you need to make igneous rocks? What are the two ways igneous rocks can be formed?

14. Igneous Rocks What are igneous rocks made of? – Igneous rocks are made of magma

15. Magma What is magma? – Magma is: Melted rock inside the earth

16. Magma Where does magma come from? – Magma comes from under the surface of the earth – The heat from the core melts the rocks

17. Igneous Rock Ingredients: To make an igneous rock you need: – Heat to melt rocks, make magma

18. Formation of Igneous Rocks Igneous rocks can be formed 2 ways: 1.Magma comes to earth’s surface when a volcano erupts. The lava cools quickly forming igneous rocks with no crystals. 2. Magma rises to earth’s surface coming up into the earths crust slowly. Because it is cooled slowly, igneous rocks with crystals form.

19. Formation of Igneous Rocks

20. Igneous Rocks from Volcanoes Pumice Obsidian

21. Igneous rocks from Inside Earth Gabbro Pegmatite Diorite

22. Examples of Igneous Rocks

23. Day 4: Metamorphic Rocks What does “morph” mean? What are metamorphic rocks made of? What do you need to make metamorphic rocks? How are metamorphic rocks formed?

24. “Morph” What does “morph” mean? – “Morph” means to change into something new/else For example: – A caterpillar morphs into a butterfly

25. Metamorphic Rock Ingredients: To make a metamorphic rock you need: – Sedimentary and/or igneous rocks – Extreme heat from inside earth – Pressure – TIME!!

26. Formation of Metamorphic Rocks Metamorphic rocks are formed by: 1.Taking sedimentary or igneous under earth’s surface 2.Add extreme temperature (from below crust) 3.Add pressure from above and below 4.This same process over a period of time can create new rocks

27. What can heat and pressure do to rocks? Because of the extreme heat and pressure: – Crystals can change shape and size – Chemicals can combine and create new minerals – Rocks can have striped or swirls because of minerals melting and pressure – An entirely new rock can be formed that looks nothing like the original sedimentary or igneous rock

28. Examples of Metamorphic Rocks Striped and Swirls created by heat and pressure

29. Examples of Metamorphic Rocks

31. Metamorphic Rocks Homework Use your notes to answer the following questions. Answers in complete sentences. What does “morph” mean? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ What are metamorphic rocks made of? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

32. Metamorphic Rock Homework 2 What do you need to make metamorphic rocks? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ How are metamorphic rocks formed? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ What are two ways that heat and pressure change rocks to make them metamorphic? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

33. Igneous Rocks Homework Use your notes to answer the following questions. Answers in complete sentences. What are igneous rocks made of? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ What is magma? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

34. Igneous Rock homework 2 Where does magma come from? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ What do you need to make igneous rocks? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ What are the two ways igneous rocks can be formed? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

35. Sedimentary Rocks Homework Use your notes to answer the following questions. Answers in complete sentences. What are sedimentary rocks made of? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ What is sediment? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Where does sediment come from? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

36. Sedimentary Rocks Homework What do you need to make sedimentary rocks? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ How are sedimentary rocks made? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ What is special about sedimentary rocks? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________