1. What are rocks and minerals? How are they different? Scripps Classroom Connection Key Question: http://earthref.org/SCC

2. Rock-Forming Mineral Groups http://earthref.org/SCC Chemical FormulaExampleComments Native Element C S Au Diamond Sulfur Gold Jewelry, industry Acid Jewelry Oxide Fe 2 O 3 HematiteOre of iron Sulfide PbS FeS 2 Galena Pyrite Ore of lead Fool’s gold Carbonate CaCO 3 CalciteLimestone, marble Silicate SiO 2 (Na, Ca)AlSi 2 O 8 Quartz Plagioclase Most common minerals, Gemstones, makeup, foods, sand, etc. Scripps Classroom Connection

3. Mineral Identification ● Crystal Form ● Cleavage ● Luster ● Streak ● Hardness ● Color ● Other Properties…. Taste, smell, feel, tenacity, reaction to acid, magnetism, http://earthref.org/SCC Scripps Classroom Connection

4. http://earthref.org/SCC Scripps Classroom Connection Polymorphs of Carbon

5. Native Elements Diamond - C Sulfur - S http://earthref.org/SCC Scripps Classroom Connection Native Copper - Cu

6. Oxides Corundum: Al 2 O 3 Sapphire and Ruby http://earthref.org/SCC Scripps Classroom Connection

7. Sulfides Scripps Classroom Connection Pyrite - FeS 2 Bornite (Peacock Ore) – Cu 5 FeS 4 http://earthref.org/SCC

8. Carbonates Azurite - Cu 3 (CO 3 ) 2 (OH) 2 http://earthref.org/SCC Scripps Classroom Connection Calcite – CaCO 3

9. Silicates http://earthref.org/SCC Beryl - Be 3 Al 2 Si 6 O 18 Quartz- SiO 2 Scripps Classroom Connection

10. Three Categories of Rocks 1) Igneous 2) Sedimentary 3) Metamorphic http://earthref.org/SCC Scripps Classroom Connection

11. Importance of Rocks & Minerals ● Fundamental building blocks of Earth ● Used in all aspects of daily life ● Important clues for the history of Earth ● Important to our health http://earthref.org/SCC Scripps Classroom Connection