2. 200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt 200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt 200pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt 200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt 200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt Properties Rock and Roll Igneous Rocks Sedimentary Rocks Metamorphic Rocks

3. Name four properties you can observe in rocks and minerals?

4. Color, luster, hardness, texture

5. What is a geologist?

6. A scientist that studies the earth is a geologist.

7. Name three ways geologists identify minerals.

8. They apply a cold acid. They do a hardness test. They look at the luster. They observe the cleavage. They look at the color and shape.

9. What does texture mean?

10. How an object feels (smooth, rough, grainy); how the grains of a rock look

11. What does luster mean?

12. A property of a mineral that describes how light bounces off of a mineral.

13. What happens to vinegar when calcite is placed in the cup of vinegar?

14. It fizzes up with a line of continual bubbles.

15. Give two example of how humans use minerals.

16. Salt for food Metal for cars and other objects Jewelry

17. Name and describe one mineral or rock used in one of our Foss Kit activities.

18. Feldspar- pinkish, tann-ish; found in granite Granite- has mica, feldspar, hornblende, and quartz Calcite- is clear or white and vinegar fizzes when calcite is in it Fluorite- is green and clear looking Mica- is blackish, brownish, silver-ish and has a lot of cleavage

19. What is a property?

20. A property is a unique feature of minerals that helps tell them apart (examples of this are color, shape, size, etc.)

21. What does hardness mean?

22. A property that describes how easily it can be scratched.

23. What does the word ‘igneous’mean?

24. fire

25. How are igneous rocks formed?

26. When melted rock cools and hardens.

27. Draw a picture that would show how igneous rocks are formed.

28. Answers will vary.

29. Where are igneous rocks formed?

30. Above ground or under ground

31. Is Pumice an igneous rock? How do you know this?

32. Yes, because the holes in pumice tell me that it cooled quickly above ground. The holes come from pockets of air that used to be there.

33. What are sedimentary rocks made of ?

34. Sediments

35. How are sedimentary rocks formed?

36. It is formed when layers of sediment are squeezed and pressed together.

37. Draw a picture of how a sedimentary rock would look.

38. The pictures should have a rock with layers.

39. Is sandstone a sedimentary rock? Why or why not?

40. Yes, it has layers

41. What breaks down the earth so that there become sediments?

42. Wind and water (rain)

43. What does metamorphic mean?

44. Changed

45. How are metamorphic rocks formed?

46. It is formed when a rock has been changed by heat and pressure.

47. Gneiss is a metamorphic rock. What rock was it before?

48. Granite

49. Draw a picture representing how metamorphic rocks are made.

50. Answers will vary but you should see heat and pressure somewhere in their picture.

51. Schist is a metamorphic rock. What rock did schist used to be?

52. Schist could have been formed from basalt, an igneous rock; shale, a sedimentary rock; or slate, a metamorphic rock.

53. Reading a Hardness Test What is the hardest mineral? Why? _________________________________________ What is the softest mineral? Why? __________________________________________ List the minerals in order from softest to hardest __________________ _________________ ____________________ __________________ MineralTool 1Tool 2Tool 3Number of Tools Quartzyesno 1 Talcyes 3 Diamondno 0 Fluoriteyes no2