1. The American Revolution 1775 – 1783 Great Britain vs America

2. Terms Government – The system how a group of people or country is ruled. Examples - Democracy Government – The system how a group of people or country is ruled. Examples - Democracy Acts– A law that is passed by the government that usually changes a different law. Acts– A law that is passed by the government that usually changes a different law. Continental Congress– The name of the American government during the Am. Revolution Continental Congress– The name of the American government during the Am. Revolution Militia– A military force made up of citizens Militia– A military force made up of citizens Continental Army- America’s military of trained soldiers Continental Army- America’s military of trained soldiers Enlightenment- A time where people began thinking for themselves, and began questioning authority. Enlightenment- A time where people began thinking for themselves, and began questioning authority. Geography – Physical land features (and the study of) Geography – Physical land features (and the study of)

3. Vocab Continued Great Britain – The entire island of Britain is made up of England, Scotland, and Wales Great Britain – The entire island of Britain is made up of England, Scotland, and Wales

4. Vocab Continued Parliament – Britain’s version of congress who decide laws & taxes (with King’s authority) Parliament – Britain’s version of congress who decide laws & taxes (with King’s authority) Guerilla Warfare - the use of hit-and-run tactics by small, mobile groups of forces Guerilla Warfare - the use of hit-and-run tactics by small, mobile groups of forces

5. Why Did We Breakaway? Geography Geography Great Britain is over 2,500 miles away Great Britain is over 2,500 miles away Great Britain was making money off of our land Great Britain was making money off of our land Government Government No representation in Parliament No representation in Parliament Acts/Taxes Acts/Taxes No say on taxes/acts (colonists felt taxes/acts & King George were unfair) No say on taxes/acts (colonists felt taxes/acts & King George were unfair) Taxes went to Britain, rarely helped colonies Taxes went to Britain, rarely helped colonies Examples: Proclamation Act, Quartering Act, Sugar Act, Stamp Act, Townshend Acts Examples: Proclamation Act, Quartering Act, Sugar Act, Stamp Act, Townshend Acts

6. Why Did We Breakaway? (continued…) Events Events Boston Massacre Boston Massacre Shutting down harbors Shutting down harbors Lexington/Concord Lexington/Concord Enlightenment Enlightenment Colonists avid readers and many were educated Colonists avid readers and many were educated Fast communication system Fast communication system Began questioning British authority (asking why) Common Sense by Thomas Paine Began questioning British authority (asking why) Common Sense by Thomas Paine

7. Key Patriots General George Washington General George Washington Commander-in-Chief of American Military Commander-in-Chief of American Military Led American troops in the North Led American troops in the North General Horatio Gates General Horatio Gates Commander of American army in the South Commander of American army in the South General Nathanial Greene General Nathanial Greene Led Americans in the South, avoided major battles, kept Cornwallis chasing him Led Americans in the South, avoided major battles, kept Cornwallis chasing him Admiral John Paul Jones Admiral John Paul Jones Great Naval Officer that led the small American Navy Great Naval Officer that led the small American Navy

8. Good/Bad Benedict Arnold Successful American General Successful American General Helped with win at Battle of Saratoga Helped with win at Battle of Saratoga Married Loyalist Married Loyalist Began to think that Congress was not rewarding him fairly Began to think that Congress was not rewarding him fairly Switched to support the British Switched to support the British

9. British Strategy Seize and control New York (the colony) to cut off New England from the rest of the states. Seize and control New York (the colony) to cut off New England from the rest of the states. Take control of south (majority Loyalist) then move North. Take control of south (majority Loyalist) then move North. Confront and overwhelm America’s military. Confront and overwhelm America’s military. Seize all port cities. Seize all port cities.

11. American Strategy Fight when you can win…don’t confront the large British forces Fight when you can win…don’t confront the large British forces Use Guerrilla Warfare Use Guerrilla Warfare Gain European Support Gain European Support Hopefully to divert attention from the colonies Hopefully to divert attention from the colonies Prolong war, force Britain to spend $ and resources Prolong war, force Britain to spend $ and resources Survive Survive

12. Trends of the War – Early 1775 - 1777 Great Britain will invade the American Colonies with one of the largest invasions in world history until D-Day Great Britain will invade the American Colonies with one of the largest invasions in world history until D-Day In the first year of the war, Britain will: In the first year of the war, Britain will: Conquer New York City and New York Colony Conquer New York City and New York Colony Force govt officials to flee Philadelphia Force govt officials to flee Philadelphia Force General Washington to flee to backcountry Force General Washington to flee to backcountry Decimate America’s struggling military Decimate America’s struggling military Block all shipping and trading to the colonies Block all shipping and trading to the colonies

13. Trends of the War – Early 1775 - 1777 Great Britain Dominates Great Britain Dominates

14. Turning Point…Battle of Saratoga 1777 1 st major battle won by the colonists. 1 st major battle won by the colonists. Americans won in decisive fashion. Americans won in decisive fashion. Opened European eyes to think that America might win their independence, and some decided to help. (France and Spain) Opened European eyes to think that America might win their independence, and some decided to help. (France and Spain)

15. Trend of War Middle 1778 - 1779 The key here for the Americans – Survival The key here for the Americans – Survival Americans will try and avoid battles Americans will try and avoid battles America gains French Support America gains French Support Very few battles during these years Very few battles during these years After loss at Saratoga, Britain decides to move south. After loss at Saratoga, Britain decides to move south.

16. Trend of War Middle 1778 - 1779 Very few battles fought Very few battles fought

17. Winter at Valley Forge 1777-78 Washington had bed down for the winter despite little supplies (most had no coats, hats, shirts and were barefoot) Washington had bed down for the winter despite little supplies (most had no coats, hats, shirts and were barefoot) Many went days without eating Many went days without eating Although many died, many stayed strong and showed endurance. Although many died, many stayed strong and showed endurance.

18. Trends of the War – End 1780-1781 Britain starts sweeping through the South Britain starts sweeping through the South However America starts gaining momentum and winning battles However America starts gaining momentum and winning battles British General Cornwallis will continue to chase General Greene British General Cornwallis will continue to chase General Greene French will send troops and warships French will send troops and warships

19. Trends of the War – End 1780- 1781 America wins a few key battles in the South, which leads to Battle at Yorktown. America wins a few key battles in the South, which leads to Battle at Yorktown.

20. The Final Battle - Yorktown General Cornwallis had chased Gen. Greene throughout the south and sought Yorktown Virginia as a strategic spot to receive supplies. General Cornwallis had chased Gen. Greene throughout the south and sought Yorktown Virginia as a strategic spot to receive supplies. Gen. Washington saw it as a trap as Yorktown is naturally a peninsula. Gen. Washington saw it as a trap as Yorktown is naturally a peninsula. The large French fleet trapped in the British ships into the harbor. The large French fleet trapped in the British ships into the harbor. Gen. Washington and Gen. Rochambeau formed a semi-circle around the port of Yorktown and began bombarding the town to pieces. Gen. Washington and Gen. Rochambeau formed a semi-circle around the port of Yorktown and began bombarding the town to pieces. With no way out, Cornwallis was forced to surrender. With no way out, Cornwallis was forced to surrender.