1. Describing Matter

2. What is Matter? Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. – Everything around you is matter – You are matter

3. Properties of Matter Matter can have many different properties or characteristics. Chemistry – the study of the properties of matter and how matter changes.

4. Properties Continued… The properties and changes of any type of matter depend on its makeup.

5. Substance A substance is a single kind of matter that is pure. It always has a specific makeup – or composition – a specific set of properties. – Water – Sugar – Salt When is matter not a substance?

6. Every form of matter has two kinds of properties: – Physical – Chemical

7. Physical Properties of Matter Physical Property – a characteristic of a pure substance that can be observed without changing it into another substance.

8. Diamonds: Chemically Stable, hardest Substance, and Excellent Conductors of Electricity

9. Chemical Properties of Matter Chemical Property - is a characteristic of a pure substance that describes its ability to change into different substances. – To observe the chemical properties of a substance, you must try to change it to another substance.

10. Chemical Properties

11. Elements Element – is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into any other substances by chemical or physical means. – Elements are the simples substances – each element can be identified by the specific physical and chemical properties.

13. Particles of Elements Atom – basic particle from which all elements are made.

14. When Atoms Combine Chemical Bond – force of attraction between two atoms. Molecules – when atoms combine to form larger particles.

15. Compounds Compound – is a pure substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a set ratio. Chemical Formula – a way to represent a compound. – When elements are chemically combined, they form compounds having properties that are different from those of the uncombined elements.

17. Mixtures Mixture – is made of two or more substances – elements, compounds or both – that are together in the same place, but not chemically combined. – Differ from compounds in two ways: Each substance in a mixture keeps its individual properties Parts of a mixture are not combined in a set ratio.

18. Types of Mixtures Heterogeneous mixture – You can see the different parts. Homogeneous mixture – So evenly mixed that you can’t see the different parts.

19. Heterogeneous Mixture

20. Homogeneous Mixture

21. Solution Solution – is an example of a homogeneous mixture

22. Separating Mixtures Compounds not easily separated into its elements. Mixture usually easy to separate into its components because each property keeps its own properties. – Magnetic attraction – Filtration – Distillation – Evaporation

23. Magnetic Attraction

24. Filtration

25. Distillation

26. Evaporation