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CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER
Physical Science, CP Chapter 15 CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER Section 1: Composition of Matter Section 2: Properties of Matter
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Bell Ringer #5 Turn to page 451 and read the National
Geographic article about Visualizing Elements. Answer the following questions: Why is pure tungsten used for filaments in
light bulbs? What element is used to drape the trunk of
your body during X-rays and why is it used? What is the main element found in smoke
detectors?
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Section 1: Composition of Matter
Standard 3: Demonstrate an understanding of
various properties and classifications of matter. Indicators: 3.3, 3.4 Objectives: Define substances and mixtures. Identify elements and compounds. Compare and contrast solutions, colloids, and
suspensions.
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01 Classification of Matter.asx
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Substance - a type of matter with a fixed
composition.
Also called pure substances. Substances can either be elements or
compounds. Element – made up of atoms with the same
identity Elements are found on the periodic table. About 90 elements are found on Earth.
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A compound is a substance with two or more
elements combined in a fixed proportion.
A chemical compound has
different characteristics than
its original components. chlorine gas sodium metal sodium chloride (table salt) Compounds can be broken down into their
elements through chemical reactions only, and not by physical means.
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Mixtures can either be heterogeneous or homogeneous.
Two or more substances that can be easily
separated by physical means form a mixture. Mixtures can occur between and among all
phases of matter (solid, liquid, and gas). Mixtures can either be heterogeneous or
homogeneous.
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Heterogeneous mixture - mixture of different
and easily distinguishable materials
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Examples: apple juice, vinegar, sealed soft drinks, etc.
Homogeneous mixture - contains two or more
gaseous, liquid, or solid substances blended
evenly; also called a solution Examples: apple juice,
vinegar, sealed soft
drinks, etc.
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Colloid - heterogeneous mixture with larger
particles that never settle
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Colloids scatter light in the Tyndall effect
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A heterogeneous mixture containing a liquid in
which visible particles settle is called a
suspension.
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02 Mixtures.asx
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Review Questions 1. A _______ is a type of matter with a fixed
composition. A. colloid B. mixture C. substance D. solution C. substance
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Review Questions 2. How many elements are found on Earth? 90
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Review Questions 3. How are compounds different from mixtures? The atoms in compounds are combined in
fixed proportions and cannot be separated by
physical means. A mixture is made of two or more substances
that can be easily separated by physical
means.
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Review Questions False
4. (T/F) A homogeneous mixture contains
substances that are not evenly distributed. False
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Review Questions 5. What is another name for a homogeneous mixture?
Solution
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Read P Do 1-5 P. 456
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Section 2: Properties of Matter
Standard 3: Demonstrate an understanding of
various properties and classifications of matter. Standard 4: Demonstrate an understanding of
chemical reactions and the classifications,
structures, and properties of chemical compounds. Indicators: 3.1, 3.4, 4.6, 4.8 Objectives: Identify substances using physical properties. Compare and contrast physical and chemical
changes. Identify chemical changes. Determine how the law of conservation of mass
applies to chemical changes.
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03 Characteristics of Matter.asx
Physical property - characteristics of a material
which can be observed without changing the
identity of the substances in the material 03 Characteristics of Matter.asx
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Appearance - physical description of a substance
Behavior - how a substance acts; for example,
magnetism, viscosity, ductility Examples of physical properties: color, shape,
viscosity, electrical conductivity, size, solubility,
density, melting point (temp.), freezing point
(temp.), boiling point (temp.), and magnetic
attraction
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Physical properties such as size and magnetism
can be used to separate mixtures.
Filtration is a process for separating a mixture by passing small
particles through a filter and retaining large particles.
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Heating iron is a physical change…why?
Physical change - change in a substance’s size,
shape, or state of matter (liquid, solid, gas) in
which the identity remains the same. Heating iron is a physical change…why?
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Distillation is a process for separating a mixture
by evaporating a liquid and condensing its vapor.
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01 Introduction to Chemical Reactions.asx
Chemical property - characteristics of a
substance indicating that it can change chemically;
for example, flammability or light sensitivity of a
substance 01 Introduction to Chemical Reactions.asx Electronegativity Ionization potential pH balance Reactivity against other
chemical substances Heat of combustion Enthalpy of formation Toxicity Chemical stability Flammability Preferred oxidation state(s) Preferred types of bonds to form
e.g., metallic, ionic, covalent
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When one substance changes to another
substance, a chemical change has occurred.
Indicators (not proof) of
chemical changes: gas formed,
heat, cooling, odor given off,
possible color change, or the
formation of bubbles or solids
form in a liquid (precipitate). Precipitate of cadmium
sulfide forms from
clear solutions of
sodium sulfide and
cadmium nitrate. Some chemical
changes occur very
slowly such as the
formation of rust.
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Pinnacles, formed from a combination of limestone and acid rain
Weathering involves both physical and chemical changes. Big rocks split into smaller
ones; streams carry rock
particles from one location to
another Chemical changes can occur
in rocks when calcium
carbonate in limestone
changes to calcium hydrogen
carbonate due to acid rain. Pinnacles, formed from a combination
of limestone and acid rain
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Law of Conservation of Mass - Mass of all
substances present before a chemical change
equals the mass of all substances after the
change. RJ Design TM
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Law of Conservation of Mass - Mass of all
substances present before a chemical change
equals the mass of all substances after the
change. RJ Design TM
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Review Questions 1. Which of the following is a chemical property?
A. boiling point B. density C. flammability D. melting point C. flammability
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Review Questions 2. A characteristic of a material that can be
observed without changing the identity of the
substances that make up the material is a
______________. physical property
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Review Questions 3. What does the law of conservation of mass state?
The mass of all substances that are present
before a chemical change equals the mass of all
substances that remain after the change.
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Review Questions 4. (T/F) When a substance undergoes a physical
change, its identity changes. False
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Review Questions 5. (T/F) A phase change is an example of a
chemical change. False, all phase changes are physical changes
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15.2 P. 465 1-6
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Ch. 15 Notetaking Worksheet or Science Notebook
Homework: Define Vocabulary Ch. 15 and Complete Ch. 15 Notetaking
Worksheet Science Notebook SE Ch. 15.pdf Ch 15 note taking worksheet.doc Science Notebook TE Ch. 15.pdf Bell Ringer 5 Notes Ch. 15.1 Check Ch. 15 Vocabulary Worksheets: Composition of Matter Homework: 15.1 Section Review & Notetaking Worksheet Directed Reading - Composition of Matter and Properties of Matter.pdf Elements, Compounds and Mixtures IF8765.pdf Notebook Quiz 2 Notes Ch. 15.2 Worksheets: Properties of Matter/Chemical & Physical Change Homework: 15.2 Section Review and Study for Vocabulary Quiz Ch. 15 Chemical vs Physical Change IF8765.pdf The Recycling Factory.pdf Tips for Writing a Letter.pdf Vocabulary Quiz Ch. 15 Chromatography Lab Worksheets: Classification of Matter Homework: Book Review P. 470 (1-17) 18, P. 472 (1-7) Chapter Test Review - Classification of Matter.pdf Vocabulary Quiz Chapter 15.doc Bell Ringer 6 Grade and Go Over Ch. 15 Book Review Highlight Notes Worksheets: Study Guide Ch. 15 Homework: Study for Ch. 15 Test Study Guide Ch 15.doc Ch. 15 Test Worksheets: Ch. 16 Notetaking Worksheet Homework: Ch. 16 Notetaking Worksheet, Define Vocabulary Ch. 16 Test (A and B).tst
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Attachments 01 Classification of Matter.asx 02 Mixtures.asx 02 Panning_for_Gold.asx 03 Characteristics of Matter.asx 01 Introduction to Chemical Reactions.asx Ch 15 note taking worksheet.doc Study Guide Ch 15.doc Test (A and B).tst Vocabulary Quiz Chapter 15.doc Chapter Test Review - Classification of Matter.pdf Directed Reading - Composition of Matter and Properties of Matter.pdf Tips for Writing a Letter.pdf The Recycling Factory.pdf Science Notebook TE Ch. 15.pdf Science Notebook SE Ch. 15.pdf Elements, Compounds and Mixtures IF8765.pdf Chemical vs Physical Change IF8765.pdf
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