1. CHAPTER 2: POPULATION KEY ISSUE #3 WHY IS POPULATION INCREASING AT DIFFERENT RATES IN DIFFERENT COUNTRIES?

2. WOULD YOU RATHER? X = NUMBER OF YEARS $5X/DAY FOR 10 YEARS $5 X 365 = $1825 $10 x 365 = $3650 $15 x 365 = $5,475 $20 x 365 = $7,300 $25 x 365 = $9,125 $50 x 365 = $18,250 $5 X /YEAR FOR 10 YEARS $5 1 = $5 $5 2 = $25 $5 3 = $125 $5 4 = $625 $5 5 = $3,125 $5 10 = $9,765,625 EXPONENTIAL GROWTH STARTS SLOW BUT GROWS RAPIDLY!!

3. DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION LDC’s HIGHER CBR HIGHER NIR HIGHER TFR HIGHER IMR LOWER CDR MDC’S LOWER CBR LOWER NIR LOWER TFR LOWER IMR HIGHER CDR WHAT DOES THIS PATTERN MEAN?

4. DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION STAGES STAGE 1 – LOW GROWTH HUNTER-GATHERER LIFESTYLE HIGH NUMBER OF BIRTHS WHEN FOOD IS EASY TO GET HIGH NUMBER OF DEATHS WHEN FOOD IS HARD TO COME BY GROWTH IS ERRATIC AND GENERALLY SLOW STAGE 2 – HIGH GROWTH CDR DROPS, BUT CBR STAYS THE SAME = HIGHER NIR AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION LEAD TO MOVEMENT TO STAGE 2 GROWTH IS FAST EARLY ( DEMOGRAPHIC MOMENTUM ) BUT TAPERS (SLOWS) LATE

5. DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION STAGES STAGE 3 – MODERATE GROWTH CBR STARTS TO DROP = DECLINE IN NIR STILL GROWING BUT SLOWER INDUSTRIAL REVOL. IN EUROPE AND N. AMERICA IMPROVED LIVING CONDITIONS MEDICAL REVOL. IN LDC’S: DIFFUSION OF TECHNOLOGY CHANGES IN SOCIAL CUSTOMS CHILDREN LIKELY TO SURVIVE, LIVE IN CITIES, EDUCATION STAGE 4 – LOW GROWTH CBR SLOWS TO NEAR CDR = ZERO POP. GROWTH (ZPG) A TFR IS ALSO AN INDICATION OF ZPG CAUSES INCLUDE: WOMEN IN WORK FORCE BIRTH CONTROL ECONOMIC CONSTRAINTS

6. DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION STAGES STAGE 1 DOESN’T EXIST IN TODAY’S WORLD STAGE 2 MUCH OF AFRICA, MIDDLE EAST, & SE ASIA STAGE 3 MUCH OF ASIA, E. EUROPE, N. AFRICA, & LATIN AMERICA STAGE 4 W. EUROPE & N. AMERICA POSSIBLE STAGE 5? INCREASED CDR & DECREASED CBR = NEG. NIR POPULATION DECLINE

7. DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION DESCRIPTION Hans Rosling – shoes to bikes to cars to planes Demographic Transition review video

8. POPULATION PYRAMIDS DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION’S TWO MAJOR EFFECTS 1.PERCENTAGE OF PEOPLE AT A CERTAIN AGE 2.NUMBER OF MALES VS. FEMALES POPULATION PYRAMIDS GRAPHIC REPRESENTATION OF AGE & GENDER STAGE 2 – LOOKS LIKE A TRIANGLE STAGE 4 – LOOKS LIKE A RECTANGLE AGE DISTRIBUTION DEPENDENCY RATIO – DEPENDENTS:WORKING POPULATION DEPENDENTS ARE TOO OLD (65+) & TOO YOUNG (0-14) TO TAKE CARE OF THEMSELVES SEX RATIO - # OF MALES PER 100 FEMALES NORMALLY MORE MALES UNTIL AGE 40

9. SUMMARY Demographic Transitions are predictable patterns of population growth and change Comparisons of different populations in population pyramids helps to develop population projections Predicting population gives clues to the possibility of overpopulation Too many people for the amount of resources available or carrying capacity

10. ASSIGNMENT Using the country and statistics you collected before: Find a population pyramid for your country. Describe what stage of the DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION your country fits and WHY (support your answer with statistical information). What do you think will happen to the population of your country in 50 years? Support your answer. Finally, what does this say about your REGION (continent, sub-region, etc.) in today’s world?