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Le Passé Composé notes #2 Avec “être”
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Review You have learned that the passé composé is made up of a helping verb and the past participle of the main verb. With most verbs you use the present tense of “avoir” as your helping verb Ex: J’ai fait mon devoir= I did my homework
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Certain verbs form their passé composé with the helping verb “être” To form the past participle of –er verbs, drop the –er of the infinitive and and “é”. For regular-ir verbs, drop the infinitive ending and add “i”. For regular –re verbs, drop the infinitive ending and add “u”.
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Agreement with “être” Rule: Anytime you use être as a helping verb in the passé composé, the ending of the past participle participle must agree in both gender and number with the subject performing the action. Look at the conjugation of “sortir”
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Sortir=to go out Je suis sortiNous sommes sortis Tu es sortiVous êtes sortis Il est sortiIls sont sortis Elle est sortieElles sont sorties Notice the agreement indicated above in bold.
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Verbs that take être Most verbs that use être in the passé composé express motion or movement of the subject from one place to another. The mneumonic device DR & MRS VANDERTRAMP will help you to remember which verbs take être.
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DR & MRS VANDERTRAMP DESCENDRE=TO GO DOWN (descendu) RETOURNER=TO RETURN (retourné) MONTER=TO GO UP (monté) RENTRER=TO RETURN (rentré) SORTIR=TO GO OUT (sorti) VENIR=TO COME (venu) ALLER=TO GO (allé) NAÎTRE=TO BE BORN (né) DEVENIR=TO BECOME (devenu) ENTRER=TO ENTER (entré) RESTER=TO STAY (resté) TOMBER=TO FALL (tombé) REVENIR=TO GO BACK (revenu) ARRIVER=TO ARRIVE (arrivé) MOURIR=TO DIE (mort) PARTIR=TO LEAVE (parti)
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