1. AUSTRALIA, OCEANIA, AND ANTARCTICA

3. CLIMATE REGIONS OF AREA CLIMATES REGION

4. AUSTRALIA 1.Where would people most likely settle? Why ? 2.Are there things that have to be present in the physical environment for settlements of people to thrive? Explain. We will study in this lesson what the physical environment is like in this region and what resources are available to the people in this region.

5. *AUSTRALIA IS THE WORLD’S LEADING PRODUCER OF WOOL *MOST OF AUSTRALIA IS DEVOTED TO RAISING LIVESTOCK (MAINLY SHEEP & CATTLE) *IRRIGATION & MODERN FARMING METHODS HELP MAKE USE OF THE COUNTRY’S LIMITED FARMLAND & DRY CLIMATE AGRICULTURE

6. Australia mines & exports diamonds, opals, gold, & iron. There is some public debate about mining these products because some of them are in sacred Aboriginal land. Food processing is the major manufacturing industry in Australia. Mining & Manufacturing

7. BIOGEOGRAPHY A sub-field of geography that studies the spatial distributions of flora and fauna around the world. Australia has unique biogeography since the flora and fauna have historically been isolated from other flora and fauna. What type of mammals are these?

8. SERVICE INDUSTRIES (TOURISM)

9. THE GREAT BARRIER REEF This is the largest reef system in the world, and it is located along the eastern coast of Australia. Although it serves as a major source of revenue through tourism, the reef system is experiencing environmental degradation.

12. AUSTRALIA/NEW ZEALAND: UNIQUE NZ: Two islands – one is fertile farmlands and forest. The other is mountainous with glaciers. Aus: A relatively flat desert with few rivers. Contains Great Barrier Reef.

13. New Zealand’s North Island is less rugged and has a more mild climate. On which island (North or South) would you find more people?

14. OCEANIA: A LAND OF ISLANDS More than 25k islands in Pacific. Grouped islands known as an archipelago. High islands – volcanoes Low islands – coral reefs

16. The islands of the South Pacific have a tropical climate. What type of economic activity would occur here?

17. HIGH ISLAND VS. LOW ISLAND

18. High islands are volcanic islands that rise high above sea level- they are mountainous. Low islands are generally small and consist of built-up sand. Which type of islands would be better suited for settlement? HIGH ISLANDS AND LOW ISLANDS

19. ANTARCTICA – AN UNINHABITED LAND Antarctica was first discovered in 1820. There are no settlements there. In 1959 – 12 countries drafted a treaty to preserve Antarctica as a research site. Some countries have claimed land there, but those claims are disputed.