1. AN EVALUATION OF DIFFERENCES BETWEEN BESMM 3, CESMM3 AND BESMM 4 (CIVIL/INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING WORKS) NIQS BESMM 4 TRAINING WORKSHOP DATE: 6TH -7TH APRIL, BY Dr KASIMU.M.A (B.TECH QS, MSc CONSTR.MGT, Ph.D QS, MNIQS,RQS) DEPT OF QUANTITY SURVEYING, FED POLY BIDA. NIGER STATE.

2. CIVIL/INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING WORKS
The civil/industrial engineering works comprises of the followings sections:
2A: General items
2B: Ground Investigation
2C: Geotechnical and other specialist processes
2D: Demolition and site clearance
2E: Earthworks
2F: Insitu concrete
2G: Concrete Ancillaries
2H: Precast concrete
2J: Pipework-pipes
2K: Pipework-fittings valves
2L: Pipework – Manholes and pipework ancillaries
2M: Pipework- supports and protection, Ancillaries to laying excavation
2N: Structural Metalwork
2P: Miscellaneous metalwork
2Q: Timber

3. 2U: Railway track construction 2V: Tunnel
2R: Piles
2S: Piling Ancillaries
2T: Roads and Paving
2U: Railway track construction
2V: Tunnel
2w: Brickwork, Block work and Masonry
2X: Painting
2Y: Waterproofing
2Z: Miscellaneous works
2AA: Sewer and Water main renovation and ancillary works
2AB: Simple Building works incidental to civil engineer works.

4. BESMM 3 Ref. CESMM 3 BESMM4 General items Pg 177 2A Pg: 16
The same with BESMM 3 A
General items: Pg 309
Similar provision, expanded and greater detail added to give clear direction.
Third party insurance under contractual requirements has been replaced with parent company guarantee (2A.1.1.3).pg.309
2A.3.3
The same with BESMM 4 Pg 16
Plant items now divided into 2 under method related charges pg.312
2A.3.3/4
Temporary works classified into 2. Pg.313e.
2A.3.5/6
2A.4.2
A.4.2
Other provisional sum has been replaced with provisional sums defined work Pg. 315 items of nominated sub contract work are captured in pg.315.

5. Ground work D Ground Investigation B Site exploration D5 D60
Rules remain very similar but out of 8 items under ground investigations, Items 2 & 4: Light cable percussion boreholes under ground investigation and rotary drilled bore holes are missing but reflected under pg 319 &320.
D60
The same with BESMM 3 Pg 28. C
Rules are generally similar; however, item D60.5 in BESMM3 pg.190: grout materials and injection has been removed.
New item 2C.8. Vibro floatation now added and depth are given from not exceeding 5m to stated exceeding 40m. The depth is classified into 6. Pg. 340.

6. Second division was classified into 7 The rule remain similar, 2E
Earthworks
D25
The same with BESMM 3 pg 34 D
Earthworks pg
Second division was classified into 7
The rule remain similar, 2E

7. Formwork/Reinforcement 2G Concrete Ancillaries G
In situ Concrete/Large Precast Concrete. Pg 197 E
The same with BESMM4. Pg 42 F
The Heading is different with BESMM 3.
In situ Concrete Pg 2F
The same with BESMM 4 Pg.40
Rules covering concrete have been increased and concrete has been classified into 8 forms. Placing of concrete are classified under 3 items of: Mass, Reinforced and prestressed, stating the thick or cross sectional areas depending on the location. Pg
Formwork/Reinforcement 2G
Concrete Ancillaries G
The same with BESMM 4
Detail rules covering concrete ancillaries are now provided in details. And includes rules for measuring formwork, reinforcement, joints, post-tensioned prestressing and concrete accessories pg
Example: Mass
suspended slab
av, thickness mm
Example: Prestressed
Casing to metal sections
Cross-sectional area exceeding 1m2

8. 2G EXAMPLES: : Form work: rough finish to plane sloping with the width of m : Concrete accessories with finishing of top surface of wood float

9. TIMBER
G50
TIMEBER O 2Q
There is no difference in the three documents, except some minor mistake.
Page 204 column 2 item 4 & 7; 0.04 – 1.0m2 and exceeding 0.4m respectively.
The same with BESMM 4
Page 416, second division items 4 & 7, 0.04 – 0.1m2 and exceeding 0.4m2 respectively.
Example: Hardwood components with cross –sectional area exceeding 0.4m2 and Length 5-8m.

10. PILE AND PILING ANCILLARIES
PILES P 2R
Piles and its ancillaries lumped together.
Bored piles and Driven shell piles. Nominal cross sectional size to be stated ( Not given).
The same with BESMM 4 Page 196
The same with BESMM 4 Pg 66
Rearranged; piles (2R) now separated from their ancillaries
Bored cast in place concrete piles and Driven cast in place concrete piles. Nominal cross section diameter size to be stated (given in groupings i.e:
300 or 350mm diameter
400 or 450mm diameter.
500 or550mm diameter up to 1500mm diameter.

11. Preformed concrete piles
Nominal cross section size stated (not given)
Isolated piles –steel mass/m and cross sectional size to be stated (not given)
The same with BESMM 4 Pg 66
Preformed concrete piles; Preformed concrete sheet piles and Timber piles.
Nominal cross section area given in 8 stages: (≤ 0.025m2 up to exceeding
1m2 – see page 420.
Isolated piles Mass/m given in 8 stages (≤ 15kg/m up to exceeding It/m – see page 421).

12. Interlocking piles – steel section modulus to be stated (not given)
Measured work items pre-boring, extensions, cutting Off tops, etc including disposal, delays(ring standing)
The same with BESMM 4 pg 68
Interlocking steel piles section modulus given in 8 stages (≤ 500cm3/m up to exceeding 5000cm3/m – see page 422).
Stone columns provided (to be measured) and in 8 stages e.g (≤ 300mm diameter up to exceeding 1200mm diameter – see page 424).

13. Where the cross sectional area, mass, sectional modulus etc were required, they were not given or specific.
Plies tests did not provide for type of test to be done.
The same with BESMM 4 Pg 72
Where the cross sectional area, mass sectional modulus, etc were required their range were provided.
Piles tests provided 5 types of tests that might be carried out (see page 433)

14. 2R EXAMPLES: : Bored cast in place concrete pile with diameter 400mm or 450mm thick and the depth bored or Driving to stated max depth.   : Preformed concrete piles with cross-sectional area of M2 and depth driven : Isolated sheet piles with mass 30-60kg/m and depth driven.

15. HIGHWAYS
Pg 205
Q45
ROADS AND PAVINGS
Pg 74 R
ROADS AND PAVING
Pg 434
6 classifications
Sub-bases, flexible road bases & surfacing. depth to be stated (not given)
None
8 classifications
The same with BESMM 4
The same but there is no mixture B1, B2, B3
9 classifications
Unbound sub-base (Div.1) – further classified into 7 types (Div. 2). depth given in 8 stages (≤ 30mm up to exceeding 300mm
In addition,
Cement and other hydraulically bound pavement (Div.1); Further classified into 8 stages
cement bound granular mixture, fly ash bound mixture slag bound, mixture B2, B3 etc (see page 436 & 437

16. None
Concrete pavements – carriage way slabs, etc
Depth, thickness to be stated (not given)
The same with BESMM 4. See 74
Depth given in 8 stages (≤ 30mm up to exceeding 300mm see page 436).
Bituminous bound pavement (Div. 1); further classified into 8 types (Div. 2) with depth thickness groupings given in 8 stages (≤ 30mm up to exceeding 300mm.
Concrete pavements (Div. 1) further classified into 10 types (Div. 2) unreinforced concrete surface slabs, jointed reinforced, continuously reinforced, etc

17. Nominal mass, (kg/m2) to be stated (not given)
for fabric reinforcement.
Mass of bar reinforcement taken at 7.85t/m3
(nominal sizes of members not given Pg 207
Waterproof membranes below concrete pavement.
The same with BESMM 4.
The same with BESMM 4
Nominal mass (Kg/m2) for fabric reinforcement groupings given in 8 stages (≤ 2kg/m2 upto exceeding 8kg/m2 - see page 440).
Mass of bar reinforcement taken at 7.85t/m3 and nominal sizes given in 8 stages. (6mm – 32mm or greater diameter – see page 441).
Separation and waterproof membranes

18. Item description to state the gauge and extent of laps.
Joints in concrete pavements; depth of joints to be stated in mm (not given)
Kerbs, channels and edgings.
The same with BESMM 4
Item description to state their material and thickness.
Joints in concrete pavements; depth in groups given in 8 stages (≤ 30mm upto exceeding 300mm – see page 442)
Kerbs, channels, edgings, footways and paved areas.

19. Classified into 6 items.
Ancillaries, surface markings- 5 items noticed including Non reflective studs.
Reflecting studs
Classified into 8 items
The same with BESMM 3
Classified into 10 items (Div 2) – with additions of items 7 – 10
Ancillaries; surface markings – 6 items noticed including:
Nonreflecting road studs;
Reflecting road studs and
Raised rib.

20. 2T
Examples:
Unbound sub-base type 2 unbound mixtures with the depth of 30-60mm thick.
Cement and other hydraulically bound pavements fly ash bound mixture 5 and depth mm thick.
Concrete pavements with continuous reinforced concrete base slabs and depth mm thick.

21. Track bases/ foundation; 5 items noticed
RAILWAY TRACK CONSTRUCTION
X40
RAIL TRACK S
Pg 446 2U
Track bases/ foundation; 5 items noticed
Taking up; sundries; 6 items noticed.
Lifting packing and slewing; 5 items.
Track foundation; 5 items
The same with BESMM 3
Track bases / foundations; 8 items noticed additional 3 items included:
Ballast cleaning
Tamping.
Pneumatic ballast.
Taking up; sundries; 7 items noticed – additional item is Eutectic strip.
Lifting, packing and slewing and work to existing track; 6 items evolved.

22. turnout and
Notice the removal of turnouts, stops, etc
Additional items include:
Existing rail turning and fixing.
Retailing
Stressing rail
3rd Division additional information as to:
(1) plane track
(2) Plane track with conductor,
(3)Plane track with turnout
(4)plane track with conductor rail and
(5) Buffer stops.

23. supply; 4 grouping of mass of rails
6N. 2 sleepers, 2 items of Timber and concrete noted
Fittings; 7 items noticed.
Turnouts/ Diamond crossings, no item noted
The same with BESMM 4
The same with BESMM 3
Supply: 5 groupings of mass of rails – correction as to the omitted grouping of 40 – 50kg/m.
Div. 2 – sleepers; 3 items of Timber, concrete and steel noted.
Fittings 9 items – 2 additional items
Switch heaters
Switch levers
Turnouts and crossing – 4 items noted and includes;
Trap points. Catch points. Turnouts and
Diamond crossings.

24. Additional classification as to:
Prefabricated track panel m long with rails and bearers with 6 items.
Prefabricated turnouts and crossing with equally 6 items.

25. 2U
Example
Taking up dock and crane rails turnout.
Supplying bullhead rails with mass n.e 20-30kg/m
Supplying Prefabricated track panel m long with rails and bearers
concrete sleepers.

26. APPLICATION OF BESMM 4
The BESMM4 is divided into three main parts for the purpose of measurement; namely:
The preliminaries.
Building works, and ;
Civil / industrial engineering works.
The BoQ which fundamentally serves as basis for obtaining tender(s) from contractors has two distinct features highlighted as follows:
Categorical and technical description of the various work items in the project; and,
Measured quantities attached to described work items.

27. General Measurement rules for Building Quantities:
The rules are written in present tense.
The symbol(‘/’) used between two or more units of measurements or within text, means ‘or’.
Horizontal lines ( ___ ) divides the tables and rules into zones to which different rules apply.
Broken lines (----) separating two units or rules denotes optional choice of units or ways of measuring the works.
The use of hyphen (-) or the phrase ‘to’ between two dimensions means a range of dimension exceeding the first dimension but not exceeding the second

28. Quantities: (Paragraph 3.3.1)
Quantities for the various components/items are calculated and billed as follows:
Work is measured net as fixed in position unless otherwise stated.
Net measured quantities are deemed to include all extra materials for laps, joints, seams, wastes and the like
Curved works are measured on the centre line unless otherwise stated.
Dimensions are measured to the nearest 10mm and any dimension greater than 5mm are upgraded to 10mm while those below 5mm are disregarded.
Quantities shall be given (presented) to the nearest whole number except those measured in tonnes(t) which shall be presented in two decimal places (e.g 0.15 tonnes).

29. PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF BESMM4 (EXAMPLE OF BILL OF QUANTITIES)
ITEMS
DESCRIPTION
UNITY
QTY
RATE
AMOUNT 2G
CONCRETE ANCILLARIES G
Formwork: rough finish to plane sloping
with the width of m M
Concrete accessories with finishing of
top surface of wood float M2 2Q
TMBER Q
Hardwood components with cross-
sectional area exceeding 0.4m2 and
length 5-8m

30. 2R
PILES
Bored cast in place concrete piles with
diameter of 400mm 0r 450mm thick Nr
of number of piles. R
Preformed conrete piles with cross-
sectional area of m2 of the
number of piles of stated length.
Isolated sheet piles with mass 30-60
kg/m of the driven area. M

31. 2T
ROADS AND PAVINGS T
Undound sub-base type 2 unbound
mixtures with the depth of mm
thick. M2
Cement and other hydraulically bound
pavements fly ash bound mixture 5
and depth mm thick
Concrete pavements with continous
reinforced concrete base slabs and the
depth mm thick.

32. RAILWAY TRACK CONSTRUCTIONU
Taking up dock and crane rails turnout. Nr
Supplying bullhead rails with mass not T
exceeding 20-30kg/m
Supplying prefabricated track panel
18.288m long with rails and bearers
concrete sleepers. M

33. THANKS FOR TAKING YOUR VALUABLE TIME
THE END