1. Unit 2 Seminar: Heart & Circulation

3. Chambers 2 upper chambers: R/L Atria 2 Lower Chambers: R/L Ventricles Wall Cardiac Muscle: Myocardium Lining Epithelial lining: Endocardium, includes cardiac valves

5. Pericardium 2-layered fibrous sac Lubricated space between layers Inner layer: Visceral Pericardium (Epicardium) Outer layer: Parietal Pericardium Inflammation: Pericarditis Fluid buildup in pericardial space: Pericardial effusion —may lead to Tamponade

7. Relaxation: Diastole Contraction: Systole

8. Four valves Keep blood flowing; prevent backflow Right atrioventricular: Tricuspid Between R atrium and ventricle Left atrioventricular: Mitral (Bicuspid) Between L atrium and ventricle Right Semilunar: Pulmonic At beginning of Pulmonary Artery Left Semilunar: Aortic At beginning of Aorta

9. Valves don’t fully close—cause leakage: Regurgitation Narrowed valves prevent normal flow: Stenosis Mitral Valve pops open backwards—allows reverse flow: Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP)

12. http://depts.washington.edu/phys dx/heart/demo.html http://www.dundee.ac.uk/medther /Cardiology/hsmur.html

13. Heart is 2 separate pumps: Right side—pumps deoxygenated blood to lungs; low pressure side Left side—pumps oxygenated blood to body; high pressure side

14. Venous blood enters R Atrium from Sup. and Inf. Vena Cavae Passes from RA through Tricuspid valve to R Ventricle From RV through Pulmonic (semilunar) valve to Pulmonary artery to lungs

15. Blood from lungs enters L Atrium from Pulmonary Veins From LA, passes through Mitral Valve (bicuspid) to L Ventricle From LV, passes through Aortic (semilunar) valve to Aorta and out to body

18. Blood supplying oxygen and nutrients to cardiac muscle flows through R and L Coronary Arteries Blockage of flow through Coronary AA causes heart attack: Myocardial Infarction Buildup of fatty deposits on the inner wall of arteries can cause flow blockage: Atheroscleosis Chest pain due to heart hypoxia: Angina Pectoris

22. Heart Failure Right-sided Left-sided (Congestive Heart Failure-CHF) Ischemic Heart Disease Pericarditis Cardiomyopathy

24. Arteries Arterioles Veins Venules Capillaries

25. Arteries Tunica Intima Tunica Media Tunica Externa Capillaries Tunica Intima Veins Tunica Intima Tunica Media Tunica Externa

27. Arteriosclerosis Hardening

28. Aneurysm Ballooning of wall

29. Varicose veins (varices) Enlarged veins allow blood to pool

30. Venous Stasis Leads to skin breakdown and ulceration

31. Rate at which your heart beats

33. Ask ME or ask your classmates!!

34. See you in discussion!