1. Chapter 1 Whole Numbers Digit – number from 0-9
Place value – the value of a place within a number
addend – number added to another number
Sum – the answer in addition
Difference – the answer in subtraction
Estimate – tells about how large a sum or difference will be
Factor – one of the numbers being multiplied
Product – the answer in multiplication
Base – a factor; in 32, 3 is the base
Exponent – tells how many times the base is used as a factor
Power – the result of multiplying when factors are the same
Divisor – the number used to divide
Dividend – the number being divided
Quotient – the answer in division
Remainder – the number left over in division
Polygon – a closed figure with 3 or more sides
Perimeter – the sum of the lengths of the sides of a polygon

2. 1.1 Place Value
Digits: 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 Place value: the value of the place within the number
Example 1: What is the value of 2 in 2,483,175?
2 is in the __________________ place.
2 has a value of _________________________.
One millions
2,000,000
Example 2: What is the value of 4 in 2,483,175?
4 is in the ____________________________ place.
4 has a value of ______________________________.
Hundred-thousands
400,000
Example 3: What is the value of 7 in 2,483, 175?
7 is in the _____________ place.
7 has a value of _____________.
tens 70

3. 1.2 Comparing Numbers
Greater than > Less than < Equal to = Compare: find the larger or smaller number
Example 1: Compare 8,402 and 453.
Line up the digits by ____________________.
8,402 has ___________________ digits than 453.
8,402 is ________________ than 453 or 453 is ______________ than 8,402.
8,402 ______ or 453 ______8,402
Place
more
greater
less
>
<
Example 2: Compare 5,821 and 5,921. _________ ________ the numbers by place.
5,821 and 5,921 have the _______________ number of digits.
Compare digits place by place starting on the _________________.
________ and ________ are equal.
_______ and _________ are different.
5,821 is ________ than 5,921 or 5,921 is ___________ than 5,821.
5,821 _____ 5,921 or 5,921 _______ 5,821
Line up
same
left 5 5 8 9
less
greater
<
>

4. 1.3 Rounding Rounding: ____________________________________________
Changing a number to the nearest ten, hundred, or thousand.
Example 1: Round 2,472 to the nearest thousand.
1. Find the digit in the ____________________ place. 2,472
2. Look at the digit to its ___________________. 2,472
If it is _______ or greater than__________, add 1 to the digit in the rounding place.
If it is ____________ than 5, leave the digit in the rounding place alone.
3. Chang each digit to the _________ of the rounding place to ________. 2, _______
2,472 rounded to the nearest thousand is _________________
rounding
right 5 5
less
right
000
2000

5. Example 2: Round 796 to the nearest ten. 1
Example 2: Round 796 to the nearest ten. 1. Find the digit in the _____________ place Look at the digit to its ____________. 796 If it is __________ or greater than 5, add ________ to the digit in the ______________ place. 3. Since ______ + _______ is 10, increase the digit to the ______ of the rounding place by ________. 4. Change __________ the digit in the rounding place and the digit to the _______ of the rounding place to _____. 796 rounded to the nearest 10 is _________.
rounding
right 5 1
rounding 9 1
left 1
both
right
800

6. 1.6 Estimating Sums and Differences
________________ tells you about how large a sum or difference will be.
Estimate
Example 1: Estimate the ___________________ of 856 and 278.
Line up the digits by place.
difference
____________ each number to the nearest hundred.
___________ the rounded numbers.
856
-278
900
-300
round
subtract
The ___________ of 856 and 278 is about __________________.
difference
600

7. Example 2: Estimate the _________________ of 3,456 + 2,378 + 4,612.
Line up the digits by place.
sum
__________ each number to the nearest hundred.
________ the rounded numbers.
3,456
2,378
+4,612
3,000
2,000
+4,000
round
add
The _________ of 3, , ,612 is about____________.
sum
10000
Example 3: You started with $1,920. You spent $279 and $413. Estimate how much you have left.
Estimate how much you ________.
Round first.
Then add your digits.
$279
+ 413
$300
+400
You spent about_________.
$700
spent
Estimate how much you have ______________.
Round first.
Then add your digits.
$1,920
700
$1,900
You have about _____________ left.
$1200
left

8. 1.8 Using Exponents
_________________ one of the numbers being multiplied _________________ the answer in multiplication _________________ a factor; in 32, 3 is the base _________________ tells how many times the base is used as a factor _________________ the result of multiplying when factors are the same
factor
product
base
exponent
power
There is a shorter way to show multiplication when the _______________ are the same.
31 = is a factor _________time
32 = 3 x is a factor _________ times
33 = 3 x 3 x 3 3 is a factor _________ times

9. Example 1:
53 is the same as _____________________________ which equals ________________
___________ is the base.
___________ is the exponent.
Example 2:
105 is the same as _____________________________ which equals ________________
___________ is the base.
___________ is the exponent.
Example 3:
302 is the same as _______________________________ which equals ________________
___________ is the base.
___________ is the exponent.

10. Division
____________________– the number used to divide ____________________– the number being divided ____________________– the answer in division ____________________– the number left over in division
Divisor
Dividend
Quotient
Remainder
Different ways to show division.

11. 1.10 Estimating Products and Quotients
Round the numbers 1st then either multiply or divide.
Example 1
Estimate the product of 56 and 37.
Round each number to the nearest ten.
Then multiply 56
x37 60
X40
Example 2
Estimate each quotient.
Round the dividend to the thousands. Round the divisor to the hundreds.
Then divide.
2,786 ÷ 436
3,000 ÷ 400