2. Unit 8 LEARING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE TWICE AS HARD

3. ways to learn English: Memorize new words Watch English films Practice writing in English Talk to your classmates Listen to the tape Learn from your teacher Read English stories Make a study plan Talk to native speakers

4. Difficulties in learning English Memorizing new words, good pronunciation and intonation, understanding English grammar, listening and speaking, writing…

5. Differences in learning English and Chinese Sounds and pronunciations, spelling system sentence structures grammar rules way of thinking, history culture social system

6. Characteristics of successful learners a clear goal in learning, making proper study plans, wide interest in anything, high efficiency, self- confidence, a good study habit,

7. Effective learning skills Reading all kinds of materials, taking notes, using dictionaries, connect English with work and life, listening to English radio programmes, imitating

8. Ways of develop confidence Practice good pronunciation and try to speak in public, learn to express ideas in English orally, try to attend all kind of lectures and sit in front row of seats and ask questions

9. We should develop our confidence. we should believe in ourselves. Just as Madame Curie said: Life is not easy for any of us, we must work, and above all, we must believe in ourselves. We must believe that each of us is able to do something well, and that,when we discover what this something is, we must work hard at it until we succeed.”

10. Fast reading 1 What is the most puzzling question in learning our mother tongue? 2 If we develop our study skills and way of learning, is learning foreign language twice as hard or as easy?

11. Careful reading Tell the sentences true or false

12. 1 Although experts don’t agree each other, they all share a common opinion :Life is a very successful language school. 2 We study our mother tongue all day long for about 5 years before we master it. But we only spend a few hours a week and in a few years’ time we can speak a foreign language. 3.Successful language learners usually step away from the academic challenges. 4 The less anxious and more relaxed the learner, the worse their language acquisition. T T F F

13. Decide which language ( mother tongue or foreign language) each of the sentences below

14. A We learn quite fast. B We are not taught but learn anyway. C Some people think that we are born with an ability to learn this. D We can learn faster if we develop study skills. E Most people have mastered this by the age of five. F We learn this in a special place where we can get help. F M M F M F

15. G It takes longer to learn this. H We Learn this by communicating with others. M M

16. Main idea of each paragraph. 1. The environmental factor of learning mother tongue. 2. Different opinions of language experts. 3. The difference between learning mother and learning a foreign language. 4. The characteristics of successful language learners.

17. 5.Different learning ways of successful language learners 6. The importance of the purpose of learning. The purpose of writing the passage to tell us that learning a foreign language does not have to be twice as hard as learning our mother tongue.

18. 1.order vt. 命令，嘱咐，定购（做）叫（饭菜） If a girl orders the most expensive food for her first dinner date, she is probably rich or greedy. in order of importance / age / position in alphabetical order 以 … 的顺序 in order---- out of order/ in disorder List all the leaders in order of position. That is a peaceful society, and everything there is in good order.

19. 2. a call-in show 打电话的节目 a children’s show 儿童节目 a cat/ flower/motor/car/ show be on show show sb. around/ round show off show up

20. 3. get stuck / be stuck stick 粘帖, 伸出 stick to 坚持 My car was stuck in the mud. He stuck his fork into a big piece of meat. Don’t stick your head out of the widow of the train. # Stick to the plan and you’ll succeed.

21. 4.fun ------ 区别 funny Seeing monkeys in the zoo is of great fun. What fun it is to have a game after work. May you have great fun. in fun= for fun 娱乐, 消遣 He couldn’t say such a serious thing for fun. # Look at the funny person with a strange hat on

22. Language Points : 1.receive formal instruction / education receive a warm welcome receive a sword-thrust accept one’s suggestion

23. 2. acquire: gain, get 1)How I wish I could acquire a good knowledge of English. 2)He has acquired a goof knowledge of history in these few years. acquired adj. 获得的 后天的 3) Drinking is an acquired taste for him. acquisition n. 获得 He devotes his time to the acquisition of knowledge

24. 3. make sense of make sense make no sense in a sense Can you make sense of the abstract theory? Talking after the accident makes no sense. what he said is reasonable in a sense.

25. 4. adjust adjust / adapt… to 1) You shouldn’t adjust your computer without any instruction. 2) He adjusted his errors and continued his research work. 3) You should adjust your expenditure to your income 4) When you go to a new country, you must adapt / adjust yourself to new circumstances

26. 5.regardness of : paying no attention to The coal boss risked making money regardless of workers’ safety. You’d better not buy everything regardless of what they can be used for. 6. in other words in words in word in a word with the ( these ) words

27. (1 ). ______________, he walked away with a smile. ( 2 ). It’s no use to promise _________, but in deed. (3 ). ____________, you are a very good boy. (4 ).I don’t know how to explain this _______ (5). I soon found that the work I was doing had been done by someone else._________ I was wasting my time. With the words in word In a word in words in other words

28. 6.case 事例 ; 实情 ; 病例 ; 情况 1) Is this the case that you have lost your money ? (= Is it true) 2) If that is the case,you’ll have to work harder. 3) Such being the case, you can’t go away. 4) There were five cases of flu. 5) It may rain---- you’d better take an umbrella in case. 6) In case of fire, ring the alarm bell. 7) In this/ that case, none can escape.

29. 7. instruct = teach,educate 1) Mr. Zhang instructed a maths lesson. 2) The captain instructed his men to fight bravely. 3) He often instructs me in English (studies). instructor instruction instructive ( 有教育意义的 )

30. 8. put…to use make use of come into use in use out of use 1) You should put what you have to (a) better use. = You should make better use of what you have. 2) When will the technology come into use? 3) Something in use today will be out of use soon.

31. 9. take a risk / take risks take the risk of doing sth at the risk of at risk In our lives, we have to take so many risk to succeed. He took the risk of losing his life to save the drowning boy. He saved the boy at the risk of losing his life. New things may be at risk at the beginning.

32. 10. adopt 1) He adopted my suggestion, which made me very happy. 2) Mr. Kern adopted the orphan as his own son. 3) He is not my real father; I’m adopted.

33. 11. secure adj. 确定的, 可靠的, 安心的 His success is secure. Our house is secure from flood. They feel secure about their future. ( free from anxiety) (certain)

34. Unit 8 Integrating Skills Studying Abroad

35. 1.What is the best way to learn a language ? Why ? 2. Is it possible for you to study abroad ? I think the best way to do this is to go to A country where the language is spoken. We can use the language at any places at any time. It’s good for language learning. Yes, it is.

36. 3. What should you do before you go abroad? We should find out as much as possible about different programmes, including the cost and length of our stay. 4. Can you list the advantages and the disadvantages of studying abroad ?

37. Advantages of studying abroad 1. become fluent in the new language 2. make friends with people from different background. 3. Understand another culture 4. broaden your horizons and improve your understanding of the world 5. learn about yourself and what your culture is really like 6. learn to depend on yourself

38. Disadvantages of studying abroad 1. Some of them may fall behind in their studies when studying abroad. 2.They may not be able to take classes at the same level as at home. 3. Parents worry about the safety of their children and may also be concerned about the cost.

39. A. disadvantages of studying abroad. B. What should you do in order studying abroad ? C. Advantages of studying abroad. D. It is possible for a student of any level to study a foreign language in a country where the language is spoken. Choose the main idea of each paragraph 3 1 2 4

40. 1. option : choice I haven’t much option in the matter. None of the options ( 选择之物 )is satisfactory. They are optional subjects( 选须课 ) at school. 2. stay in touch( with sb ) = keep in touch ( with sb ) 与 - - - 保持联系 get in touch with sb 与 - - - 取的联系

41. 3. become / be fluent in: speak sth fluently He has become so fluent in spoken English. He speaks fluent English. He speaks English very fluently. 4. fall behind ( sb / others ) fall sick / ill fall down 跌倒 fall over 摔交 fall into 陷入 ; 跌入 fall off 掉下 fall in love with sb. fall back 后退 ; 退让 fall asleep

42. 5. concern v. 1) 涉及, 有关 concern sb./sth. = be concerned with Don’t trouble about things that don’t concern you. He is said to have been concerned in the crime. 2) concern oneself with/in / about 忙于, 从事 Don’t concern yourself with novels. 3) 使担忧, 使烦恼, 使操心 Don’t let my illness concern you. We are all concerned for/ about her safety.

43. concern n. show concern for sb. 关心某人 have no concern with. 同 … 无关 concerning prep. 关于 He likes to refer to something concerning Chinese history. concerned adj ( 后置定语 ) 有关的 the authorities concerned 有关当局 as (so) far as… be concerned 就 … 而言 This is all rubbish as far as I’m concerned.

44. Language Points in the exercises 1. thanks to: owing to, due to because of 1) Thanks to the aid of the government, the disease SARS was controlled. 2) Owing to the rain the match was cancelled. 3) The accident was due to careless driving. 2. in one’s teens : age from 13 to 19 teenager: a boy or a girl in his or her teens She is in her teens.

45. 3. put an end to sth : make an end of sth come to an end 结束 at the end ( of ) in the end 1) Death put an end to his wicked career. 2) If you don’t give up crime, you’ll come to a bad end. ( 得到报应 ) 3) We will have an exam at the end of the month.

46. 4. knock sb / sth down 撞倒 knock… into… 把 - - - 敲入 knock in 敲入 knock at / on the door 敲门 knock over 打翻 knock…out of 把 --- 敲出来 knock off 敲落

47. 1) The boxer knocked his opponent down. 2) You could have knocked me down with a feather. (= I was greatly surprised ) 3) He knocked a nail into the wall. 4) It is necessary for us to knock seeds out of the nuts before we plant then.

48. eg. I was reading a newspaper while walking, A fast car almost __________. A. knocked me down B. knocked down me C. knocked me off D. knocked me over A

49. Thank you!